Chapter Five: Integumentary System Flashcards
Two parts that make the Integument
- Cutaneous membrane
2. Accessory structures
Two components of the Cutaneous membrane
- Outer epidermis
2. Inner dermis
Superficial epithelium [epithelial tissue]
outer epidermis
connective tissues
inner dermis
Accessory structures that originate in the dermis and extend through the epidermis to skin surface
Hair, nails and multicellular exocrine glands
loose connective tissue that lies below the dermis
Hypodermis
an avascular stratified squamous epithelium
epidermis
contain large amounts of keratin and are the most abundant cells in the epidermis
keratinocytes
covers most of the body and has four layers of keratinocytes
thin skin
covers the palms of the hands and soles of the feet and has five layers of keratinocytes
thick skin
the five strata of keratinocytes in thick skin
- stratum basale
- stratum spinosum
- stratum granulosum
- stratum lucidum
- stratum corneum
attached to basement membrane by hemidesomomes and forms a strong bond between the epidermis and dermis
stratum basale
ridges formed by the stratum basale like fingerprints
epidermal ridges
tiny mounds that increase the area of basement membrane and strengthens the attachment between the epidermis and dermis
dermal papillae
cells found in hairless skin that respond to touch
merkel cells
contain the pigment melanin and are scattered throughout stratum basale
melanocytes
“spiny layer” that is produced by division of stratum basale
stratum spinosum
“grainy layer” stops dividing and starts producing keratin and keratohyalin
stratum granulosum
a tough fibrous protein that makes up hair and nails
keratin
dense granules that cross link keratin fibers
keratohyalin
“clear layer” that are found only in thick skin and covers the stratum granulosum
stratum lucidum
“horn layer” that is the exposed surface of the skin that has 15-30 layers of keratinized cells. It is water resistant and is shed/replaced every 2 weeks
stratum corneum
