Chapter DP Vocab Flashcards
process of determining which disease or condition explains a person’s symptoms and signs
medical diagnosis(Dx)
Method Dx based on finding many candidate diseases or conditions as possible that can causes the signs or symptoms
Differential Diagnosis
patient’s past and present relevant medical information
medical history/anamnesis
HEENT exam
Head, Eye, Ear, Nose and throat exam
stethoscope part that amplifies high pitched sounds
diaphragm
stethoscope part that transmits low pitched sounds, like heart murmurs
bell
if the small air sacs in the lungs fill with fluid and there is any movement in the sacs
crackles/rales
bronchial tubes become inflamed and narrowed(heard mostly in exhalation)
wheeze
air tries to pass through bronchial tubes that contain fluid or mucus(sounds underwater)
rhonchi
upper airway narrows
stridor
a test involving a sample of blood, urine, or body tissues
lab tests
common test that determines the general health status
complete blood count
tests that provides overall information of multiple systems
comprehensive metabolic systems
electrolyte that is vital to normal body processes, including nerve and muscle function
sodium
electrolyte vital to cell metabolism and muscle function
potassium
electrolyte to help maintain the body’s acid base balance
carbon dioxide
electrolyte that helps to regulate the amount of fluid in the body and maintain the acid base balance
chloride
energy source for the body
serum glucose
essential for the proper functioning of muscles, nerves and the heart and is required in blood clotting and in the formation of the bones
calcium
waste product filtered out of the blood by the kidneys
blood urea nitrogen
waste product produced in the muscles, filtered out of the blood by the kidneys
creatinine
protein from the liver that helps maintain fluid balance
serum albumin
product from the normal catabolism of red blood cells
bilirubin
present in all tissues throughout the entire body, but concentrated in the liver, kidney, bone, intestine and placenta
alkaline phosphatase
enzymes found in the liver, heart, skeletal muscle, kidneys, brain, and RBCs
aspartate amino transferase and alanine amino transferase
test that measures fat and fatty substances used as a source of energy in the body
lidid panel
test that measures how much glucose is bound to hemoglobin
Hemoglobin A1c
test measures how well the cells absorb glucose
glucose tolerance test
lab test to evaluate coagulation disorders, detects bleeding disorders, monitor blood thinning medication
prothrombin time and Partial Thromboplastin Time
test for diagnosis and infections of blood, urine, sputum, cerebrospinal fluid, stool
cultures
high frequency sound waves to create an image
ultrasound
using electromagnetic waves creates a picture of the inside of the body
x-rays
cross sectional images of the body using x-rays and a computer
Computed axial tomography scan
magnetic field and radio waves to create a detailed cross sectional image of the body
Magnetic resonance imaging
using a radioactive substance, it creates an image using positron emission tomography based on the absorption of the substance by certain organs and tissues(function not anatomy)
Positron Emission tomography
measure of bone density using a small dose of ionizing radiation, commonly used to diagnose osteoporosis
Bone Densitometry/Dual energy x ray absorption
commonly used to detect RNA and the presence of virus or bacteria
Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction
detects and measures antibodies or the presence of specific proteins
Enzyme- Linked immunosorbent assay
commonly used to detect protein and the presence of virus or bacteria
Western Blot
battery of tests to measure how well the lungs are functioning(lung size, air flow, volume, exchange of gas)
pulmonary function test
measures heart rhythm, diagnoses poor blood flow to the heart
Electrocardiogram
measures how well the heart works during exercise
stress test
