Chapter 1 Vocab Flashcards
pathological condition in the body in response to alteration in normal body harmony
disease
describes the condition of a person who is experiencing a disease
illness
condition or situation that might make a person more at risk for a disease
predisposing factor
diseases caused by medical treatments
iatrogenic diseases
diseases with no know cause
idiopathic disease
disease acquired in a hospital setting
nonsocomial disease
pathological condition that results from prior disease/injury
sequela disease
predisposing factor inherited from a parent
heredity
caused by abnormalities in the number of chromosomes or by changes in the structure
chromosomal disorders
invasion and multiplication of pathogenic or disease producing microorganisms in the body
infection
state of stability that the body tries to maintain
homeostasis
direct contact with contaminated area
transmission
injury or wound caused by an external force
trauma
body’s immunological response to tissue damage
inflammation
inflammation that is not resolved and persists
chronic inflammation
ability of an organism to resist a particular infection due to antibodies or white blood cells
immunity
immune system attempts to defend body against substances that normally don’t pose a threat
allergy
new and abnormal growth of tissue in some part of the body
neoplasm
group of diseases associated with uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells
cancer
a swelling of a part of the body, generally without inflammation due to abnormal growth of tissue
tumor
spread of cancer cells from where they first formed to another part of the body
metastasis
cancer cells that divide rapidly and don’t resemble normal cells
anaplastic
increase in the number of cells in an organ or tissue
hyperplasia
one copy causes dysfunction
dominant x linked gene
both genes in a pair are abnormal
recessive x linked gene
results from many factors
multifactorial disorders
transmit from person to person through fecal contamination of water, soil, or food
internal parasites
most common worm infection in the US
pin worms
parasite that needs two hosts(animal and human)
tapeworms
parasite from uncooked fish, plants, or animals infected
flukes
concussions, traumatic brain injury, skull, nose and jaw fractures
head trauma
acute inflammation
resolved inflammation
present at birth due to exposure to pathogen or antigen
innate/natural/genetic immunity
develops after exposure to suitable agent
adaptive/acquired/active immunity
mediated by macromolecules from b cells
humoral immunity
response carried mostly by T cell lymphocytes
cell mediated immunity
when the immune system responds in an abnormal way
immunological malfunctions
overreaction of the immune system to an allergen
anaphylactic shock
self antigens or abnormal immune cells develop and incite immune system
antigens
prevent your body from fighting infections and diseases
immunodeficiency disorders
solid tumors of epithelial tissue
carcinoma
tumor from supportive and connective tissue
sarcoma
tumor from body’s blood forming tissue
leukemia
cancer of the lymphatic system
lymphomas
system for most types of cancer
TNM classification
improper intake of food
malnourishment
osteoporosis
lack of calcium
rickets
lack of vitamin D
