Chapter 9_Grammar

Question 1

What is a partitive Genitive?

Answer 1

Expresses a part of a larger whole

“a slice of pizza”; a slice is part of a larger whole pizza

Question 2

What is a ordinal number?

Answer 2

A number that indicates position: first, second, third, etc.

Question 3

What is a cardinal number?

Answer 3

real numbers: one, two, three, four, etc.

Question 4

Can partitive Genitives be used with ordinal and cardinal numbers?

Answer 4

1. Not cardinal (there is only one cardinal number that can take a partitive genitive)
2. Yes Ordinals (“the first of many”; prīmus multōrum)

Question 5

What is the one cardinal number that can have a partitive genitive?

Answer 5

1. The plural of mīlle (“thousand”), which is mīlia (thousands”)
   Example:

Question 6

How does Latin indicate the partitive idea with cardinal numbers, generally?

Answer 6

1. With the preposition ē/ex + ablative

Example: “ten of the men”; decem ē virīs

Question 7

How will the adjectives multus, -a, -um and paucī, -a, -um express the partitive idea?

Answer 7

1. By using their plural form (case will be determined by the word’s use in the sentence)
2. And ē/ex
   Example: “We saw many of the oxen.”; Multōs ē bovibus vīdimus

Question 8

Translate the following sentence:

duo mīlia ē virīs

Answer 8

two thousand of the men

Note: mīlle in the plural declines like a third declension neuter I-stem

Question 9

Translate the following sentence:

mīlle virī

Answer 9

a thousand men

Note: mīlle in the singular is an indeclinable adjective

Question 10

Translate the following sentence:

mīlia virōrum

Answer 10

thousands of men

Question 11

How does Latin indicate what something is worth?

Answer 11

By using the Ablative of price

Question 12

How will you translate the ablative of price

Answer 12

With the key word ‘for’

Example: I bought this dress for $30.

Question 13

Tranlate the following sentence:

Abricola bovēs pecūnia vēndit

Answer 13

The farmer sells his oxen for money.

Question 14

What are the two cases that Latin uses to express time?

Answer 14

Ablative and Accusative

Question 15

What is/are the time expressions that are used with the Ablative?

Answer 15

1. Ablative of time when

2. Ablative of time within which

Question 16

What key words should be used with the “Ablative of time when”?

Answer 16

“on” “at” “in”

Question 17

Translate the following two phrases:
tertiā nocte
eō tempore

Answer 17

“on the third night,”

“at that time”

Question 18

What key words should be used with the “Ablative of time within which”?

Answer 18

“within” “in” “during”

(Note: the ablative of time does not require a preposition. The Latin preposition “in” does sometimes appear for emphasis for the ablative of time within which)

Question 19

Translate the following two phrases:
tribus annīs
quarto annō rēgnī

Answer 19

“within three years”

“during the fourth year of his reign”

Question 20

What key words should be used with the “Accusative of duration of time”?

Answer 20

“for”

this tells you how long

Question 21

Translate the following three phrases:
trēs annōs
multōs mēnsēs
per multōs mēnsēs

Answer 21

“for three years”
“for many years”
“for many years”
(Note: sometimes the preposition “per” precedes the accusative of time for added emphasis)

Question 22

What is the accusative of space and degree?

Answer 22

shows the quantity or measurement

Question 23

Translate the following sentence:

Puerī tria mīlia passuum altum

Answer 23

“The boys walk three miles.”

Question 24

Translate the following sentence:

Tē amō tantum

Answer 24

“I love you so much.”