Chapter 9.4 Flashcards
Does Glycolysis and the Citric Acid Cycle produce ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation or oxidative phosphorylation?
Substrate-Level Phosphorylation
What is left after the oxidation of glucose?
NADH and FADH2
They account for most of the energy extracted from food.
What do the electron carriers, NADH and FADH2 do?
They donate electrons and protons to the electron transport chain, which powers ATP synthesis via Oxidative Phosphorylation.
Electron Transport Chain
A collection of molecules embedded in the inner membrane of the mitochondrion in eukaryotic cells.
Where does the electron transport chain take place?
Inner Mitochondrial Membrane
Does the electron transport chain make ATP directly?
No.
How does the mitochondrion couple the electron transport and energy release to ATP synthesis?
Chemiosmosis
ATP Synthase
What does it do? Where is it located?
The enzyme that makes ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate.
It populates the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.
Chemiosmosis
The movement of ions across a selectively permeable mebrane, down their electrochemical gradient.
An energy-coupling mechanism that uses energy stored in the form of an H+ gradient, across a membrane to drive cellular work.
Where does the energy for gradient formation come from?
Exergonic redox reactions along the electron transport chain.
Proton-Motive Force
The H+ gradient that results from the electron transport chain in chemiosmosis.
What is the final electron acceptor?
Oxygen (O2)
