Chapter 13.4

Question 1

What is the original source of genetic diversity?

Answer 1

Mutation (Change in DNA)

Question 2

How does a mutation result in genetic diversity?

Answer 2

1. Different versions of genes (alleles) are created.
2. When the alleles are shuffled during sexual reproduction, genetic variation is produced.

Question 3

What is responsible for most of the variation that arises in each generation?

Answer 3

Behavior of chromosomes during…
1. Fertilization
2. Meiosis

Question 4

What are three mechanisms that contribute to genetic variation?

Answer 4

1. Independent assortment of chromosomes
2. Crossing over
3. Random Fertilization

Question 5

Independent Assortment of Chromosomes

Answer 5

Homologous pairs of chromosomes orient themselves randomly during Metaphase I.

Question 6

Crossing Over

Answer 6

Homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material.

Produces recombinant chromosomes.

Question 7

Recombinant Chromosomes

Answer 7

Individual chromosomes that carry genes (DNA) from two different parents.

Question 8

Random Fertilization

Answer 8

Any sperm can fuse with any unfertilized egg.