Chapter 9.1, Part 2

Question 1

Cellular respiration oxidizes glucose in a series of steps, where each step is catalyzed by an ___.

Answer 1

Enzyme

Question 2

What happens at key steps?

Answer 2

Electrons are stipped from the glucose molecule.

Question 3

Electron Transport Chain

Answer 3

Consists of molecules, mainly proteins, built into the inner membrane of the mitochondria. ELectrons pass through in a series of redox reactions and release energy.

Question 4

What are the three metabolic stages of cellular respiration?

Answer 4

1. Glycolysis
2. Pyruvate Oxidation + Citric Acid Cycle
3. Oxidative Phosphorylation (electron transport + chemiosmosis)

Question 5

Are the three metabolic stages catabolic or anabolic, and why?

Answer 5

They are catabolic because they break down glucose and other fuels.

Question 6

Glycolysis

Answer 6

Occurs in the cytosol; Begins the dehydration process by breaking down glucose into two molecules of pyruvate.

Pyruvate is a compound.

Question 7

Pyruvate Oxidation

Answer 7

Pyruvate enters the mitochondrion and is oxidized into a compound called acetyl CoA.

Question 8

Citric Acid Cycle

Answer 8

The breakdown of glucose to carbon dioxide is completed.

Question 9

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Answer 9

A mode of ATP synthesis, powered by the redox reactions of the elextron transport chain.

Question 10

Some of the steps of glycolysis and the citric acid cycle are Redox Reactions. Why?

Answer 10

Dehydrogenases transfer electrons from substrates to NAD+ or FAD, forming NADH or FADH2.

Question 11

Substrate-Level Phosphorylation

Answer 11

A mode of ATP synthesis, where ATP is formed directly in a few reactions of glycolysis and the citric acid cycle.

Question 12

Which produces more ATP - Oxidative Phosphorylation or Substrate-Level Phosphorylation?

Answer 12

Oxidative Phosphorylation (90%)

Question 13

How many molecules of ATP is made from each molecule of glucose?

Answer 13

36