Chapter 9.1, Part 1 Flashcards
Fermentation
A catabolic process; A partial degradation of sugars or other organic fuels, which occurs without the use of oxygen.
Aerobic Respiration
The most efficient catabolic pathway; Oxygen is consumed as a reactant along with the organic fuel.
Anaerobic Respiration
A catabolic process; Substances other than oxygen are consumed as a reactant.
Aerobic Respiration Equation
Organic Compounds + Oxygen -> Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy
C6H12O6 + 6[O2] -> 6[CO2] + 6[H2O] + Energy (ATP + heat)
What else (other than oxygen) can also be processed and consumed as fuel in Aerobic Respiration?
- Carbohydrates
- Fats
- Proteins
How do catabolic pathways that decompose glucose and other organic fuels yield energy?
Through the transfer of electrons – Redox Reactions.
Redox Reactions/Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
Electron transfers; The transfer of one or more electrons (e-) from one reactant to another.
Oxidation
In a redox reaction, the loss of electrons from one substance.
Reduction
In a redox reaction, the addition of electrions to another substance.
Reducing Agent
The substance that is the electron donor.
Substance X reduces the amount of positive charge in Substance Y by donating an electron.
Oxidizing Agent
The substance that is the electron acceptor.
Substance Y increases the amount of positive charge in Substance X by accepting an electron.
What is the energy-yilding redox process of greatest interest?
Respiration
Respiration
The oxidation of glucose and other molecules in food.
What are the reactants and products of respiration?
Reactants: C6H12O6 + 6[O2]
Products: 6[CO2] + 6[H2O] + Energy
What is oxidized in cellular respiration?
The fuel, glucose, is oxidized into carbon dioxide.
What is reduced in cellular respiration?
Oxygen is reduced into water.
What happens to electrons in cellular respiration?
Electrons lose potential energy, and energy is released to aid in ATP synthesis.
What kind of organic molecules are excellent fuels?
Molecules that contain an abundance of hydrogen.
