Chapter 9.1, Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Fermentation

A

A catabolic process; A partial degradation of sugars or other organic fuels, which occurs without the use of oxygen.

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2
Q

Aerobic Respiration

A

The most efficient catabolic pathway; Oxygen is consumed as a reactant along with the organic fuel.

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3
Q

Anaerobic Respiration

A

A catabolic process; Substances other than oxygen are consumed as a reactant.

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4
Q

Aerobic Respiration Equation

A

Organic Compounds + Oxygen -> Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy

C6H12O6 + 6[O2] -> 6[CO2] + 6[H2O] + Energy (ATP + heat)

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5
Q

What else (other than oxygen) can also be processed and consumed as fuel in Aerobic Respiration?

A
  1. Carbohydrates
  2. Fats
  3. Proteins
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6
Q

How do catabolic pathways that decompose glucose and other organic fuels yield energy?

A

Through the transfer of electrons – Redox Reactions.

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7
Q

Redox Reactions/Oxidation-Reduction Reactions

A

Electron transfers; The transfer of one or more electrons (e-) from one reactant to another.

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8
Q

Oxidation

A

In a redox reaction, the loss of electrons from one substance.

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9
Q

Reduction

A

In a redox reaction, the addition of electrions to another substance.

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10
Q

Reducing Agent

A

The substance that is the electron donor.

Substance X reduces the amount of positive charge in Substance Y by donating an electron.

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11
Q

Oxidizing Agent

A

The substance that is the electron acceptor.

Substance Y increases the amount of positive charge in Substance X by accepting an electron.

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12
Q

What is the energy-yilding redox process of greatest interest?

A

Respiration

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13
Q

Respiration

A

The oxidation of glucose and other molecules in food.

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14
Q

What are the reactants and products of respiration?

A

Reactants: C6H12O6 + 6[O2]
Products: 6[CO2] + 6[H2O] + Energy

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15
Q

What is oxidized in cellular respiration?

A

The fuel, glucose, is oxidized into carbon dioxide.

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16
Q

What is reduced in cellular respiration?

A

Oxygen is reduced into water.

17
Q

What happens to electrons in cellular respiration?

A

Electrons lose potential energy, and energy is released to aid in ATP synthesis.

18
Q

What kind of organic molecules are excellent fuels?

A

Molecules that contain an abundance of hydrogen.