Chapter 9 the outer ear Flashcards

1
Q

The main function of the auricle/Pinna is to

A

catch sound and funnel it down the external auditory canal

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2
Q

Cartilage in Pinna is very flexible in ______

A

children and the elderly

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3
Q

Pinna

A

helps localize sound sources
direct sound into the ear
each individual’s pinna creates a distinctive imprin on the acoustic wave traveling into the auditory canal

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4
Q

Pinna doesn’t have many blood vessels or fat which is why they are prone to _______

A

frostbites

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5
Q

outer ear

A

mode of operation: air vibration

function: protection, amplification, localization

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6
Q

outer ear ends at _______

A

tympanic membrane

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7
Q

Concha

A

aids in the human ability to localize the sources of sounds that come from behind, below, and above the head.
Funnels sounds directed to it from the surrounding air into opening of the external auditory canal.

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8
Q

helix is a good place of retention for ______

A

hearing aids

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9
Q

ear wax (cerumen) is manufactured in _____

A

the outer portion of the external auditory canal

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10
Q

External auditory canal (meatus)

A

The channel in the external ear from the concha of the auricle to the tympanic membrane.

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11
Q

Cilia

A

eyelash-like projections of some cells that beat rhythmically to move certain substances over their surfaces

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12
Q

Ear pain in the absence of infection may be caused by

A

temporomandibular joiint neuralgia

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13
Q

otalgia

A

ear pain in adults

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14
Q

The angle of the external auditory canal is different in children and adults

A

children: canal angles downward and more acute angle

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15
Q

cerumen/ear wax

A
cleans ears. 
Repel water
trap dust, sand particles, micro-organisms, and other debris
moisturize epithelium in ear canal
odor discourages insects
antibiotic, antifungal propeties
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16
Q

The tympanic membrane is situated at the end of the canal where it is protected from _______ and where it can be kept at a constant ________ and _______

A

trauma
temperature
humidity

17
Q

Tympanic membrane-ear drum compromises of 3 skin layers

A

outer layer of skin, middle layer of connective tissue, and an inner layer of mucous membrane

18
Q

pars flaccida

A

upper part of the tympanic membrane

19
Q

pars tensa

A

lower part of hte tympanic membrane

20
Q

Otoscopy

A

looking into the ear canal

21
Q

outer ear develops how many days after conception

A

28 days

22
Q

microtia

A

small external pinna

23
Q

anotia

A

absence of pinna

24
Q

Otoplasty

A

surgical procedure done when auricle protrudes markedly from the ear or when it is pressed tightly against the skull

25
Q

blockage or atresia

A

moderate conductive hearing losses

usually medically or surgically treatable

26
Q

surgical or traumatic

A

low mid frequency conductive

prosthetic available

27
Q

if auricle is missing in children

A

surgery is not advised

28
Q

atresia

A

congenital absent or closed ear canal

29
Q

hearing losses in the outer ear are caused by

A

occlusion

30
Q

myringoplasty

A

surgical repair of the tympanic membrane

31
Q

tympanosclerosis

A

tympanic membrane becomes thickened and scarred

32
Q

External otitis

A

infection of outer ear

33
Q

vibratory connection of ovular window connects ______ and ______ ear

A

middle and outer ear

34
Q

Ear canal collapse during pure-tone audiometry can lead to erroneous results. This collapse can be avoided through the use of

A

earphones ear plugs

35
Q

oscillator is places on the forehead for _____

A

bone conduction