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Intro to Social Work > Chapter 9: Social Work with Immigrants and Refugees > Flashcards

Chapter 9: Social Work with Immigrants and Refugees Flashcards

1
Q

Canadas Fertility rate? %

A

1.5%

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2
Q

Percent of populations for

  • WWI,
  • WWII and
  • since 1990’s?
A

-10%
-45%
-90%
How many people were displaced

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3
Q

How many people were displaced at the end of 2017?

A

68million

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4
Q

What is resettlement?

A

The process by which refugees are given permanent legal residency in a settlement country.

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5
Q

What are three major benefits of refugees who are permanently settled?

A
  • major benefits and entitlements possessed by settlement country citizens,
  • cannot be forced to return to their country of origin even post-conflict, and
  • have the right to apply for citizenship after a period of time
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6
Q

What threats against person is resettlement used for? 5

A
  • Resettlement is used when there are grave threats to a refugee’s life,
  • liberty,
  • safety,
  • health, or
  • other fundamental human rights.
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7
Q

What is a migrant?

A

A person who has moved from one country to another either temporarily or permanently.

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8
Q

What is an immigrant?

A

A person admitted to Canada as a lawful permanent resident.

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9
Q

What are the three classes of permanent residents?

A
  • Economic immigrants
  • Family class
  • Refugees
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10
Q

In 2016, how many economic immigrants and their dependents came to canada?

A

234,000

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11
Q

What is a refugee?

A

A person who is outside their country of nationality who is unable or unwilling to return to that country because of persecution or a well-founded fear of persecution based on race, religion, nationality, political opinion, or social affiliation.

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12
Q

What are 5 types if permanent residents in the refugee category?

A
  • Government-assisted refugees
  • privately sponsored refugees
  • Protected persons in Canada (Claimants or asylum seekers)
  • Refugee dependants
  • Blended visa office referred applicants
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13
Q

How many refugees did Canada resettle in 2016?

A

46,319

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14
Q

What is a refugee claimant?

A

A temporary resident in the humanitarian population category who requests refugee protection upon or after arrival in Canada but whose claim has not yet been decided.

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15
Q

What is a temporary foreign worker?

A

A person hired by a Canadian employer to fill temporary labour or skill shortages.

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16
Q

What is an undocumented migrant?

A

A person who has come to Canada as a visitor, student, temporary worker, or refugee claimant and then has continued residence in Canada after either visa expiration or denial of refugee claim.

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17
Q

How has immigration changed during:

  • Before 1961
  • 1991-2001
  • 2016
A
  • 1961:
    • Mostly from US, UK and Europe
  • 1991-2001:
    • US/EU decreased to 22% and Aisa increased to 50%
  • 2016
    • Top is Philippines, India and China
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18
Q

2016 top 5 source countries for refugees?

A
  • Syria
  • Eritrea
  • Iraq
  • Democratic Republic of Congo
  • Afganistan
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19
Q

2017 numbers on refugee finalized claims?

A 
21513 finalized
13553 accepted
6223 rejected
740 abandoned
997 withdrawn
20
Q

Percent of foreign-born Canadians 2006 to 2016

A

2.1% to 22.3%

21
Q

Fraction of Canadas population that speaks language other than english or french as mother tongue?

A

1/5

22
Q

How many refugees in Syria

A

6.5 milli

1/3 of population

23
Q

What are countries Trump put a travel ban on? 8

A
  • Chad
  • Iran
  • Libya
  • North Korea
  • Somolia
  • Syria
  • Venezuela
  • Yemen
24
Q

Two restrictions Trump admin placed on refugee admittance?

A

-Fleeing domestic abuse
-Fleeing gang related violence
`

25
Q

What is nonrefoulement?

A

(literally “no return”) Prohibits the return of persons—no matter what their crime or suspected activity—to a place where they would be at risk of torture and other ill-treatment.

26
Q

What is a safe third country?

A

A provision of the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act that designates the United States a “safe third country,” forcing most refugee claimants who have travelled through the United States to seek asylum there. Its official name is the Agreement between the Government of Canada and the Government of the USA for cooperation in the examination of refugee status claims from nationals of third countries.

27
Q

Explain Ecological systems theory in working with migrant populations

A

Because of its comprehensive examination of the ways in which the relationship between an individual and their immediate environment is mediated by forces originating from greater physical and social surroundings, ecological systems theory (Bronfenbrenner, 1979) has been traditionally adopted by social workers as an effective approach to practice.

28
Q

Explain Strengths and Empowerment Approaches in working with migrant populations

A

Strengths and empowerment approaches enable social workers to access and utilize both their own and migrants’ knowledge, capabilities, and belief systems to work together toward mutually agreed-upon goals

29
Q

Explain Intergrating Culture int Practice approaches with migrant populations

A

core of social work with migrants should be an approach that incorporates an immigrant or refugee’s cultural context—that is, how a client’s set of norms, values, attitudes, beliefs, and knowledge are integrated into practice with attention to how the client’s background intersects with the cultural context of the social worker. Attention should also be paid to the “skills that a social worker must possess in order to work effectively with clients who are from a different cultural background than the worker”

30
Q

What are the four key framework components outlined that incorporate culture to guide practice and interventions:

A
  • The first component, cultural awareness, centres on the necessity of understanding ourselves before working with clients who have different cultural backgrounds.
  • The second component is acquiring knowledge of the client’s culture of origin and their migration trajectory.
  • The third component is skill development, where the social worker must adapt social work interventions with an appreciation of the complexity of issues of social justice within and between particular cultures.
  • The fourth component is inductive learning, which underscores the importance of reflecting on the knowledge and experiences gained through this process and weaving that back into practice learning.
31
Q

What are the stages of migration framework? 3

A
  • Prior to leaving ones orin country
  • Tranist/Flight from the country of origin
  • Settlement in new country
32
Q

How does Prior to leaving ones orin country help?

A

Understanding why migrants have left their countries of origin helps to direct and shape practice approaches as well as policies and services provided

33
Q

How does push pull theory describe migration?

A

migration as a product of the two interrelated processes: Factors “pushing” an individual away from the country of origin include poor economic or educational prospects, high population density, an environmental crisis, or persecution (Folson, 2004). Pull factors to a country of settlement include increased demand for unskilled and skilled labour, presence of family members in the settlement country due to earlier migration, or a sense that the person would be safe and protected in that settlement country.

34
Q

Criticism of push pull theory?

A

Criticism of push/pull theory centres on its individual focus and failure to consider circumstances in which migrants may have little choice. Other theoretical frameworks consider the imbalances of economic and political power in the world economy, and how these imbalances tend to exploit inequalities that exist between countries, and issues surrounding migrants’ decision-making processes in the context of previous colonial relationships

35
Q

What is the Transit/flight from country of origin and temp resettlement?

A

this stage can range anywhere from weeks to years. The length of flight is shaped by whether there has been international recognition of the crisis in the refugee’s country of origin, the level of armed conflict, the geographical location of the country of origin, and the presence of political unrest or armed conflict in neighbouring countries.

36
Q

What is settlement in new country stage?

A

Settlement is often the final stage in the migration experience, although return to the country of origin is possible, either permanently (as in the case of repatriation for refugees) or temporarily, if, for example, the migration is cyclical

37
Q

What is integration?

A

Participation in economic, cultural, political, and social areas of life of a settlement country while retaining connections to one’s country of origin and paying particular attention to relational, attitudinal, and institutional interactions among refugees and members of the host community.

38
Q

What is acculturation?

A

A process of adaptation between two cultures, particularly how traditions, values, language, and beliefs change as they come into contact with a new (usually dominant) culture.

39
Q

What is the Canadian Multicultrualism Act?

A

Enacted in 1988, this act recognized Canada’s diversity with regard to “race, national or ethnic origin, colour and religion [as] a fundamental characteristic of Canadian society” and committed “to a policy of multiculturalism designed to preserve and enhance the multicultural heritage of Canadians.”

40
Q

Why is employment and education issues migrants face?

A

Finding work shortly after arrival is imperative for migrants and thus there is substantial pressure to accept any type of employment. However, there continues to be a fragile connection between a migrant’s educational history and labour market participation; disregarding the validity of foreign qualifications has long been a common grievance of migrants

41
Q

Why is language a issue migrants face?

A

roficiency in English or French is essential to integration in Canada, particularly as it relates to employment, education focused on improving job marketability, training opportunities, and social involvement outside the migrant’s linguistic community.

42
Q

Why is heath a issue for migrants?

A
  • Limited English or French affects migrants’ access to and understanding of health care and social services. In some cases, migrants may not even be literate in the language of their country of origin. Cultural differences and
  • migrants, particularly refugees, may have experienced traumatic events. Witnessing, experiencing, or confronting violence can create extreme stress that is often translated into debilitating symptoms that can occur around the time of the traumatic event(s) or years afterward.misunderstandings created by language barriers could be problematic when communicating information regarding prevention, diagnosis, treatment, or other service aspects. One’s cultural beliefs shape health perceptions, including how one handles a diagnosis and approaches to treatment.
43
Q

Why is housing an issue for recent migrants?

A

Housing can be a significant stressor in settlement. Oftentimes there are problems of affordability, availability (in general or of appropriately sized housing), and safety.

44
Q

Percent of migrant minors

A

Of the more than 25 million refugees in the world, more than half (52 per cent) are children (UNHCR, 2018). Sixty-three UNHCR operations at the end of 2017 conservatively estimated there were 45,500 unaccompanied and separated children who applied individually for asylum as reported by 67 countries and 138,700 unaccompanied and separated child refugees and asylum seekers

45
Q

What is an unaccompanied minor?

A

Children under 18 years of age who arrive in a potential settlement country without the presence of an adult.

46
Q

What is a separated minor?

A

Children who may be with an adult who is not a parent or previous primary caregiver.

Intro to Social Work (14 decks)

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