Chapter 6: Social Work and Health Flashcards
How was healthcare provided in early colonial era? A
In the early colonial era, health-care services were provided on a casual basis, typically by in-home caregivers and barber-surgeons for non-Indigenous populations and by healers and others providing traditional care and remedies for Indigenous communities.
What changed in second half of 19th century? A
By the second half of the nineteenth century, the individual provinces were responsible for crafting policy to oversee health care for their citizenry.
What piece of legislation mandated provinces to create, maintain and manage health facilities and when? A
1867, under Section 92(7) of the Constitution Act,
Why was access to institutions limited? A
Because health care was still considered within the purview of family responsibility, charitable institutions, or religious communities, access to such institutions was limited
Who was able to access healthcare before WWII and which provinces had their own hospital plans to insure access to urgent care? A
- Those who could pay
- Alberta, Sask and Manitoba
What motivated these three first three provinces to have access to healthcare?A
Droughts and Great Depression
Who had first hospital insurance in 1944? A
Sask
What changed in 1956 with the federal government and what did that lead to ? A
They introduced an open-ended 50/50 cost sharing program and by 1958 all provinces had universal hospital coverage
What act came in 1957? A
Hospital Insurance and Diagnostics Services Act
What act came in 1966 and what did it stipulate to receive funding (4) ? A
Medical Care Insurance Act of 1966, which stipulated that provincial hospital-based and medically necessary programs would have to be
- comprehensive,
- universal,
- portable, and
- publicly administered in order to receive federal funding.
What lead to doctors billing separate and what allowed them? A 2
- amid rising health-care costs accompanied by
- low fees to doctors
- A provision that allowed them to opt out of system
How was CLSC’s original mandate unique? B
holistic approach to providing an array of basic health-care and social services in one setting, primarily delivered by multidisciplinary teams.
What type of delivery of heath was CLSC mandated to do? 3 and what type of clientele did they work with? B
mandated to oversee the delivery of:
- preventive,
- restorative, and
- ongoing health and social services at home, school, work, or in a clinic to older adults with loss of autonomy, at-risk children and families, persons with physical disabilities, children with learning disabilities, persons living with mental health challenges, and persons in need of family physicians, and address issues of public health.
What are the three categories services in CLSC’s were drawn from? B
(1) basic curative and preventive health care,
(2) social services to meet individual needs, and
(3) community action focused on encouraging community members to be involved in identifying and solving health and social problems through information and discussion
What are the two things that changed under 2004/2014 reforms on CLSC into CIUSSS? B
- The focus on administrative efficiency and uniformity underpinning the integration of what were once 683 independent organizations into 34 health networks directly contrasts the original intent of CLSCs established to honour the uniqueness of the communities they were meant to serve.
- Further, the extent to which structural integration of services actually results in fiscal savings and coordination from the perspective of individuals accessing the system is questionable
What are the three things the 1984 Canada Heath Act did?
- combined the existing federal hospital and medical care insurance acts,
- introduced a mechanism through which the government could unilaterally impose financial penalties on the provinces,
- and restated the existing conditions as the following five principles:
What are the 5 principles of Canada Health Act? B
- public administration,
- universality of coverage,
- comprehensiveness of services,
- uniform terms and conditions governing equal access to care, and
- portability of benefits
How did Canada Heath Act change funding? B
Went from 50/50 to capped limit
5 recommendations out of 47 from Roy Romanow B
- implement [a] series of measures to improve transparency across the system,
- make decision-making structures more inclusive,
- accelerate the integration of health informatics,
- provide for secure electronic health records for Canadians that respect their right to privacy and
- give Canadians greater say in shaping the system’s future”
What was CHT percentage? B
6% and reduced to 3% by Harper
Pro to privatization in healthcare? D
introducing market competition for some health-care services will lead to a more efficient and cost-effective system
Con to privatization of healthcare? D
inadequate evidence that market competition in health-care provision increases efficiency and express concerns that access, equity, and quality of care will become secondary to profit-making
What percent of healthcare costs are covered by out-of-pocket and private insurance?
31%
How has some healthcare shifted to save costs on post-acute, rehabilitation and palliative care? D
Out of institutional walls and into home
When and where was first medical social service department? E
- 1910
- Winnipeg General Hospital
What are 6 ways socialworkers operate in hospitals?
- Facilitate communication between individuals/families/staff
- De-escalate crises
- offer opportunities for reflection and emotional expression in reaction to conditions
- provide information on complex array of services
- Advocate for access to services
- Link people to tangible resources
What does palliative care aim to deliver? E
comfort-oriented holistic care that supports quality of life rather than cure.
4 things social workers in palliative care do. E
- work as members of multidisciplinary teams to support,
- advocate for access to needed services,
- facilitate open discussions on issues related to death and dying such as advanced care planning, and
- provide bereavement support to families.
What do social workers typically do in mental heath setting? 3 E
Social workers in mental health settings typically provide mental health services related to mental illness:
- prevention,
- treatment, and
- rehabilitation.
What are the 5 tasks social workers can do in healthcare settings? E
- Provide direct services and case management
- Work with communities to identify mental health needs
- Provide clinical supervision
- Teach social work programs
- help with program, policy and resource development in institutions
