Chapter 9- Senses Flashcards
What is the difference between general and special senses?
General- receptors over large part of body.
Special- smell, taste, sight, hearing, and balance.
Define sensation?
Concious awareness of stimuli received by sensory neurons.
List the 5 types of receptors? What are each responsible for sensing?
Mechanoreceptors- detect movement. Nociceptors- detects pain. Chemoreceptors- detects chemicals. Photoreceptors- detects light. Thermoreceptors- detects temperature changes.
T or F, Localized pain is caused by slower action potentials.
False. Localized pain is caused by rapid action potentials.
What is referred pain?
Originates in a region that is not the source of pain stimulus.
T or F, nasal olfactory neurons are regularly replaced?
True
T or F, smell and taste senses that do not synapase with the thalamus before connecting to the cerebral cortex?
False, smell does not synapse.
What is the sensory structure responsible for the detection of taste?
Taste bud
What lobes are involved in the processing of smell and taste respectfully?
Parietal lobe
Name the different types of taste? What location of the tongue are these taste buds found?
Sweet- tip of tongue. Sour- edge of tongue. Salty- near the tip and edge of tongue. Bitter- near the back of tongue. Umami- under the tongue.
What are the accessory structures of the eye?
eyebrow, eyelid/eyelashes, conjunctiva, lacrimal apparatus, and extrinsic eye muscles.
T or F, the eye is composed of 2 layers and divided into 3 chambers?
False, the eye is composed of 3 layers and 3 chambers.
What are the layers and chambers of the eye?
Layers: Fibrous Tunic, Vascular Tunic, Nervous Tunic.
Chambers: Anterior Chamber, Posterior Chamber, Vitreous Chamber.
The colored part of the eye is called?
Iris
The layer of the eye that regulates the amount of light entering is termed the?
Pupil
T or F, there are 20 times the number of cones then rods in the sensory retina?
False, there are 20 times the rods than cones.
What structure is at the center of the macula?
Fovea centralis
This structure has no photoreceptors and is found medial to the macula?
Optic disk
T or F, the eyes main source of nutrients is from circulating vitreous humor?
False, the eyes main source of nutrients is from circulating aqeous humor.
What is the term of the eye defect that describes someone that is farsighted?
Hyperopia
What are the components that comprise the middle ear?
Malleus (hammer), Incus (anvil), Stapes (stirrups), Oval window, Eustachian or auditory tube.
Which one is responsible for equalizing air pressure between the outside air and middle ear?
Eustachian or auditory tube
The bony labyrinth is composed of what regions?
3 regions: cochlea, vestibule, semicircular canals.
T or F, the malleus (hammer) is the bone attached to the tympanic membrane?
True
What structure separates the middle and inner ear?
Oval window
What structures are found in the Cochlea?
snail-shell shaped structure
What structures are responsible for the amplification of sound before it travels to the oval window?
Malleus, Stapes, Incus
What are the Otoliths? What is their function?
Gelatinous substance that moves in response to gravity. They weigh down the gelatinous membrane.
What is the function of the Semicircular canals and the Cupula?
Equillibrium balance
