Chapter 11- Blood Flashcards
Albumin makes up about……?
58% of plasma proteins
Most of the suspended substances are…..?
Plasma proteins
Globulins make up about…..?
38% of plasma proteins
Fibrinogen makes up about……?
38% of plasma proteins
Fibrinogen is responsible for the …….?
Formation of clots
Red blood cells are more technically called…….?
Erythrocytes
The average male has……?
5-6 L
The average female has…….?
4-5 L
Describe the size and shape of a red blood cell:
Size: 7.5 mcg x 2.0 mcg
Shape: Disk-shaped with thick edges: biconcave
What is the primary function of red blood cells?
Transport O2 to tissues
What is a globin?
Protein attached to a heme molecule
What is a heme?
Contains one iron atom
How many globins and hemes are in a hemoglobin molecule?
1
What atom does oxygen attach to for transport in the blood?
Iron
What is oxyhemoglobin?
Hemoglobin with an O2 attached
What colour is oxyhemoglobin?
Red
What is the stimulus to increase red blood cell production?
Erythropoietin
What happens to the iron atoms?
Gets recycled
What is the source of bilirubin?
Heme is converted to bilirubin
Eventually bilirubin ends up in the liver as part of……?
Bile
What is jaundice?
Yellow colour
Whits blood cells protect the body against…….?
Infections
The majority of lymphocytes are found…….?
In lymph
Which white blood cell is most common?
Lymphocytes
Which white blood cell is least common?
Eosinophils
Which white blood cell is bout the size of an erythrocyte?
Basophils
Which white blood cell is the largest in size?
Monocytes
Platelets are also known as……?
Blood clotting cells
What are platelets involved in?
Clot formation
Vascular spasm is an immediate but temporary……..?
Constriction of blood vessels
What is a platelet plug?
They can seal up small breaks in blood vessels.
What is fibrinolysis?
Process of dissolving clots
What is plasmin?
Breaks down clot by breaking down fibrin
What is a transfusion?
Transferring blood from one person to another
What is agglutination?
The clumping of blood cells (glue)
What is a blood donor?
Gives blood
What is a blood recipient?
Receives blood
What blood type is considered the “universal donor”?
O negative
Why is O negative considered the “universal donor”?
It can give blood to anyone
What is the Rh blood group named for?
Resus Factor
People are Rh positive if…….?
They have Rh antigens
People are Rh negative if…….?
They don’t have Rh antigens
The transfusion reaction would occur with a ________ transfusion.
Blood
During subsequent pregnancies if fetal blood leaks through the placenta:
- The sensitized mother produces……?
- The antibodies cross the placenta and cause……?
- Rh blood of fetus
- a. Agglutination &
b. Hemolysis of fetal red blood cells.
This disorder is called……?
Hemolytic Disease of Newborn or HDN
How can HDN be prevented?
Do not produce anti-Rh antibodies
The injection contains…….?
Antibodies
This prevents……?
Rh antigens
How is HDN treated?
with RhoGAM
What does blood typing determine?
What antibodies and antigens you have.