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Biology > Chapter 11- Blood > Flashcards

Chapter 11- Blood Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

Albumin makes up about……?

A

58% of plasma proteins

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1
Q

Most of the suspended substances are…..?

A

Plasma proteins

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2
Q

Globulins make up about…..?

A

38% of plasma proteins

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3
Q

Fibrinogen makes up about……?

A

38% of plasma proteins

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4
Q

Fibrinogen is responsible for the …….?

A

Formation of clots

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5
Q

Red blood cells are more technically called…….?

A

Erythrocytes

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6
Q

The average male has……?

A

5-6 L

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7
Q

The average female has…….?

A

4-5 L

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8
Q

Describe the size and shape of a red blood cell:

A

Size: 7.5 mcg x 2.0 mcg
Shape: Disk-shaped with thick edges: biconcave

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9
Q

What is the primary function of red blood cells?

A

Transport O2 to tissues

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10
Q

What is a globin?

A

Protein attached to a heme molecule

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11
Q

What is a heme?

A

Contains one iron atom

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12
Q

How many globins and hemes are in a hemoglobin molecule?

A

1

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13
Q

What atom does oxygen attach to for transport in the blood?

A

Iron

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14
Q

What is oxyhemoglobin?

A

Hemoglobin with an O2 attached

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15
Q

What colour is oxyhemoglobin?

A

Red

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16
Q

What is the stimulus to increase red blood cell production?

A

Erythropoietin

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17
Q

What happens to the iron atoms?

A

Gets recycled

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18
Q

What is the source of bilirubin?

A

Heme is converted to bilirubin

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19
Q

Eventually bilirubin ends up in the liver as part of……?

A

Bile

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20
Q

What is jaundice?

A

Yellow colour

21
Q

Whits blood cells protect the body against…….?

A

Infections

22
Q

The majority of lymphocytes are found…….?

A

In lymph

23
Q

Which white blood cell is most common?

A

Lymphocytes

24
Q

Which white blood cell is least common?

A

Eosinophils

25
Q

Which white blood cell is bout the size of an erythrocyte?

A

Basophils

26
Q

Which white blood cell is the largest in size?

A

Monocytes

27
Q

Platelets are also known as……?

A

Blood clotting cells

28
Q

What are platelets involved in?

A

Clot formation

29
Q

Vascular spasm is an immediate but temporary……..?

A

Constriction of blood vessels

30
Q

What is a platelet plug?

A

They can seal up small breaks in blood vessels.

31
Q

What is fibrinolysis?

A

Process of dissolving clots

32
Q

What is plasmin?

A

Breaks down clot by breaking down fibrin

33
Q

What is a transfusion?

A

Transferring blood from one person to another

34
Q

What is agglutination?

A

The clumping of blood cells (glue)

35
Q

What is a blood donor?

A

Gives blood

36
Q

What is a blood recipient?

A

Receives blood

37
Q

What blood type is considered the “universal donor”?

A

O negative

38
Q

Why is O negative considered the “universal donor”?

A

It can give blood to anyone

39
Q

What is the Rh blood group named for?

A

Resus Factor

40
Q

People are Rh positive if…….?

A

They have Rh antigens

41
Q

People are Rh negative if…….?

A

They don’t have Rh antigens

42
Q

The transfusion reaction would occur with a ________ transfusion.

A

Blood

43
Q

During subsequent pregnancies if fetal blood leaks through the placenta:

  1. The sensitized mother produces……?
  2. The antibodies cross the placenta and cause……?
A
  1. Rh blood of fetus
  2. a. Agglutination &
    b. Hemolysis of fetal red blood cells.
44
Q

This disorder is called……?

A

Hemolytic Disease of Newborn or HDN

45
Q

How can HDN be prevented?

A

Do not produce anti-Rh antibodies

46
Q

The injection contains…….?

A

Antibodies

47
Q

This prevents……?

A

Rh antigens

48
Q

How is HDN treated?

A

with RhoGAM

49
Q

What does blood typing determine?

A

What antibodies and antigens you have.

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