Chapter 6- Skeleton System

Question 0

T or F, bone is comprised of both minerals and collagen?

Answer 0

True

Question 1

Name the functions of the skeletal system.

Answer 1

Support, Protection, Movement, Storage, Blood Cell Production

Question 2

Name the different types of bones categories found in the body?

Answer 2

Long, Short, Flat, Irregular

Question 3

What is the matrix mostly made of?

Answer 3

The matrix is mostly made of collagen and proteoglycans.

Question 4

What is the central shaft of a bone called?

Answer 4

Diaphysis

Question 5

What are the ends of a bone called?

Answer 5

Epiphysis

Question 6

What will a growing bone contain?

Answer 6

Epiphyseal plate

Question 7

What is it called when the growth has stopped?

Answer 7

Epiphyseal line

Question 8

What is the difference between yellow and red bone marrow? When and where is it found?

Answer 8

Yellow bone marrow is mostly fat and red bone marrow contain blood forming cells. Red bone marrow is found in children and when then it changes to yellow bone marrow as the child ages. In adults, red bone marrow is found mostly in the bones of the central axis of the body and the proximal epiphysis of the limb bones.

Question 9

What are osteoblasts and where are they primarily found?

Answer 9

The surface of the medullary cavity is covered with a thin layer called the endosteum. This is where the osteoblasts are found.

Question 10

What are the different regions of a typical long bone?

Answer 10

Compact bone and the Cancellous Bone.

Question 11

What is the structural difference between compact and cancellous bone?

Answer 11

Compact bone forms most of the diaphysis of long bones and the surfaces of all other bones. Cancellous bone is found mostly in epiphysis of long bones and the interior of all other bones.

Question 12

What is the difference between an osteocyte and an osteoblast?

Answer 12

Osteocyte- a cell of osseous tissue within the bone matrix; a bone cell.
Osteoblast- derived from stem cells.

Question 13

T or F, only endochondral ossification gives rise to cancellous bone?

Answer 13

False

Question 14

What are ossification centers?

Answer 14

Ossification centers grow together as bone forms and eventually create bones of the skull.

Question 15

What are the important functions of bone remodeling?

Answer 15

If the bone doesn’t remodel, then it becomes very heavy.

Question 16

T or F, the pain associated with a broken bone most arises from the periosteum.

Answer 16

True

Question 17

What are the four stages of bone repair?

Answer 17

1. Clot Formation, 2. Callus Fromation, 3. Callus Ossification, 4. Bone Remodelling.

Question 18

T or F, a spiral bone break is a complete break of the bone?

Answer 18

True

Question 19

T or F, the term Fossa is used to describe a hole in the bone, usually for a nerve or blood vessel to travel through?

Answer 19

False, Foramen is used to describe a hole in the bone.

Question 20

What is the term used to describe a smooth rounded end of a bone usually for an articulation?

Answer 20

Condyle

Question 21

How many bones are found in the typical human body? How many are found in both the hands and feet?

Answer 21

There are 206 bones in the human body, 54 bones in the hands, and 52 bones in the feet.

Question 22

The axial skeleton contains which of the following regions?

Answer 22

Skull, vertebra, sacrum, and the ribs

Question 23

How many bones are used to enclose the cranial cavity?

Answer 23

8

Question 24

The medical term to best describe the cheek bone is called the?

Answer 24

Zygomatic bone

Question 25

How many bones comprise to make up the following: cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae?

Answer 25

Cervical: 7, Thoracic: 12, Lumbar: 5

Question 26

C2 is better known as this bone?

Answer 26

Axis. C1 is Atlas.

Question 27

What are the roles of the C1 and C2 bones?

Answer 27

C1: holds the skull, and you could nod your head.
C2: you can shake your head.

Question 28

The Coccyx is more commonly referred to as the ___________ bone?

Answer 28

Tail bone

Question 29

T or F, ribs 7 to 12 are known as the floating ribs?

Answer 29

False. True Ribs are 1-7, False ribs are 8-11, and Floating Ribs are 11-12.

Question 30

What is the cartilage called that joins the ribs to the sternum?

Answer 30

Cartilaginous joint

Question 31

Your arm consists of the following three bones? Which bone is on the same side as your thumb?

Answer 31

Humerous, Radial, and Ulna. The radial bone is on the same side as my thumb.

Question 32

What bone does the femur contact?

Answer 32

Tibia and Acetabulum

Question 33

What are the differences between a male and female pelvis?

Answer 33

The males have a heart shaped pelvic inlet and the females have an oval pelvic inlet.

Question 34

What is the main function of the tibia?

Answer 34

The main function of the tibia is to support the knee.

Question 35

What bone makes up the heel of the foot?

Answer 35

Phalanges

Question 36

T or F, the metacarpals are found in the foot?

Answer 36

False, the metacarpals are found in the fingers.

Question 37

What are the three articulations functionally classified into?

Answer 37

Synarthrosis, Amphiarthrosis, and Diarthrosis.

Question 38

Articulations can be structurally classified into the three following groups?

Answer 38

Fibrous joint, Cartilaginous joint, and Synovial joint.

Question 39

What is a fontanel?

Answer 39

Joints between the bones of the skull in an infant.

Question 40

Your vertebrae are best described as an example of this type of joint?

Answer 40

Cartilaginous joint

Question 41

Your arm exhibits the following two synovial joints?

Answer 41

Hinge and Pivot joint.

Question 42

A jumping jack is an example of this type of movement?

Answer 42

Abduction and adduction

Question 43

Movement so that your palm faces both up and down is best described by these terms?

Answer 43

Pronation and Supination