Chapter 9: Psychiatric (DSM-5) Disorders (continued) Flashcards
What disorder is the most genetic of all the psychiatric disorders?
bipolar disorder
What are the requirements to be diagnosed with bipolar disorder?
- symptoms of mania > 1 week, with loss of functioning
- symptoms of major depressive disorder are very common but not necessary for diagnosis
What are the 2 types of bipolar disorder? Describe what differentiates them.
bipolar I: involves mania and depression
bipolar II: involves hypomania and depression
What are characteristics of cyclothymic disorder?
more mild bipolar disorder
- mood swings
- periods of hypomania alternating with periods of milder depression (neither meets criteria for mania or MDD)
Treatment for cyclothymic disorder?
psychotherapy
What is the time frame to be diagnosed with cyclothymic disorder?
Must have 2 years duration
Duration of time experiencing symptoms in bipolar II?
months
Anxiety disorders have which gender predisposition?
women > men
Duration of time requirement to be diagnosed as someone with panic disorder.
presence of panic attacks for > 1 month
Panic disorder symptoms.
involves worry about having more attacks and significant maladaptive behavioral changes related to the attack
Treatment for panic disorder?
benzodiazepines for panic attack or SSRIs for panic disorder
GAD characteristics?
generalized anxiety disorder is constant sense of worry for > 6 months about things on should not have to worry about
Treatment for GAD?
SSRIs or buspirone
Social anxiety?
fear of being embarrassed or humaliated in a social situation, or public speaking (called stage fright or performance anxiety only if related to performance in public)
Treatment for social anxiety?
antidepressants and beta-blockers (for stage fright, given b4 an event)
OCD?
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder a disorder characterized by
obsessions: thought that are intrusive, senseless and time consuming
and
compulsions: acts that are repetitive, and time consuming
Treatment for OCD?
antidepressants and behavioral modification (exposure and response prevention)
Body Dysmorphic Disorder?
belief that some part of one’s body is abnormal
Treatment for Body dysmorphic disorder?
psychotherapy and SSRIs
Treatment for hoarding disorder?
SSRIs and psychotherapy
What is trichotillomania?
irresistible urge to pull out one’s own hair followed by a sense of relief. Many eat or chew their hair
What are common symptoms of PTSD?
re-experiencing even in form of nightmares or flashbacks
PTSD has what gender predisposition?
women> men
Compare onset of PTSD with Acute stress disorder.
PTSD: anytime
Acute stress disorder: > 3 days but < 1 month
Treatment for PTSD?
exposure therapy and SSRIs
Compare duration of PTSD with acute stress disorder.
PTSD ≥ 1 month
Actue stress disorder: < 1 month
What is adjustment disorder?
maladaptive response to an identifiable stressor causing distress in functioning
How long should onset of symptoms and duration of symptoms last in adjustment disorder?
- symptoms must occur within 3 months of stressor
- symptoms a cannot last >6 months in duration
What is anorexia nervosa?
characterized by restriction of food intake that leads to > 15% - 20% loss of ideal body weight or BMI < 17 kg/m2
Treatment for anorexia nervosa?
hospitalization, behavioral modification, SSRIs, and family therapy
What are major characteristics of bulimia nervosa?
characterized by binge eating followed by purging.
Compare weight in bulimia nervosa to anorexia.
anorexia: BMI < 17
bulimia: weight normal
Treatment for bulimia nervosa?
behavioral modification and SSRIs
Binge eating disorder typical weight?
weight above normal
Treatment for binge eating disorder?
stimulants
What is somatic symptom disorder?
excessive thoughts, feelings, and behavior related to the somatic symptoms
Duration required to be diagnosed with somatic symptom disorder?
> 6 months
Treatment for somatic symptom disorder?
should be by one identified physician along with psychotherapy
What is illness anxiety disorder?
Illness anxiety disorder is characterized by the belief that one has an underlying illness, despite constant reassurance
What is the duration of illness anxiety disorders?
> 6 months
Are somatic symptoms present in illness anxiety disorder?
- somatic symptoms are not present; if present, mild
Treatment for illness anxiety disorder?
psychotherapy
What is conversion disorder?
development of neurological symptoms following psychological stressor that cannot be medically explained
Characteristics of conversion disorder?
- all work-up tests will be negative
- patients will be indifferent to symptoms ( la belle indifference
Treatment for conversion disorder?
psychotherapy
What is factitious disorder
conscious production of signs and symptoms of a mental or physical illness
What are the 2 types of factitious disorders?
imposed on self and imposed on others
Treatment for factitious disorder?
psychotherapy
What is malingering?
not a mental illness.
- conscious production of signs and symptoms of mental or physical illness
Compare and contrast symptoms production in Somatic Symptom Disorder, factitious disorder, and malingering?
Somatic symptom: unconsious
Factitious: intentional
Malingering: intentional
Compare and contrast motivation in somatic symptom disorder, factitious disorder, and malingering.
somatic symptom: unconscious
factitious: unconscious
malingering: intentional
