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Kaplan: Behavioral Science and Social Sciences Part II > Chapter 3: Developmental Life Cycle > Flashcards

Chapter 3: Developmental Life Cycle Flashcards

1
Q

CNS origin of the moro reflex?

A

brain stem/ vestibular nuclei

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2
Q

Another name for the moro reflex?

A

startle reflex

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3
Q

Features of the moro reflex?

A

rapid extension of arms and opening of hands when child is startled

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4
Q

Onset and extinction of moro reflex?

A

birth to 5 months

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5
Q

CNS origin of grasp reflex?

A

brain stem/ vestibular nuclei

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6
Q

Onset and extinction of the grasp reflex?

A

birth to 5 months

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7
Q

Features of the grasp reflex?

A

fingers curl around object placed in hand

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8
Q

Features of the rooting reflex?

A

baby turns face toward direction of touch and begins to make sucking motions

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9
Q

Onset and extinction of the rooting reflex?

A

birth to 5 months

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10
Q

CNS origin of rooting reflex?

A

brain stem/ trigeminal

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11
Q

Babinski sign features?

A

not pathological in newborns

stroking bottom of foot causes the toe to move upward instead of downward in normal adults

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12
Q

Onset and extinction of the Babinski reflex?

A

birth to 1 year

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13
Q

Approximately what age can a circle be drawn?

A

age 3

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14
Q

Approximately what age can a triangle be drawn?

A

age 6

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15
Q

Approximately what age can a diamond be drawn?

A

7

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16
Q

Approximately what age can a rectangle be drawn?

A

4 1/2

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17
Q

Approximately what age can a square be drawn?

A

5

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18
Q

Approximately what age can a cross be drawn?

A

4

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19
Q

Stranger anxiety?

A

distress in presence of unfamiliar people

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20
Q

Separatation anxiety?

A

distress following separation from a caretaker

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21
Q

When does stranger anxiety peak and how long does it last?

A

peaks at age 8 months and lasts 1 year

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22
Q

When does separation anxiety start and how long does it last?

A

8 months and can last until age 2 years

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23
Q

First year of life physical and motor development?

A
  • puts everything in mouth
  • follows objects to midline (4 wk)
  • sits with support (4 mo)
  • feet in mouth (5 mo)
  • changes hands with toy (6 mo)
  • one- handed approach grasp of toy
  • bang and rattle stage
  • stands with help (8 mo)
  • crawls, fear of falling (9 mo)
  • pincer grasp (10 mo)
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24
Q

Child development milestones Age 1.

A
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25
Q

Child development milestones Age 2.

A
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26
Q

Child Development milestones Age 3.

A
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27
Q

Child development milestones age 4.

A
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28
Q

Child develoment milestones age 5.

A
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29
Q

Erikson theory of cognitive development from birth to 2 years of age?

A

Trust vs mistrust

  • develop feeling of trust that their wants will be satisfied
  • if not parent is not attentive, will learnt to mistrust
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30
Q

Freud theory of cognitive development from birth to 2 years?

A

Oral

mouth is the main site of gratification; manifested by chewing, biting, and sucking

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31
Q

Piaget theory of cognitive development in birth - 2 years?

A

Sensorimotor

  • begin to learn through sensory observation
  • gain control of motor functions through activity, exploration, and manipulation of the environment
  • achieve object permanence
31
Q

Erikson, Freud and Piaget cognitive theories of development age 2-4 yrs.

A
32
Q

Erikson, Freud and Piaget cognitive theories of development age 4-6 years.

A
33
Q

Erikson, Freud and Piaget cognitive theories of development age 6-12 years.

A
34
Q

Erikson, Freud and Piaget cognitive theories of development teenage years.

A
35
Q

Erikson, Freud and Piaget cognitive theories of development early adulthood.

A
36
Q

Erikson, Freud and Piaget cognitive theories of development age middle adulthood.

A
37
Q

Erikson, Freud and Piaget cognitive theories of development (late adulthood).

A
37
Q

Gender identity?

A

child’s sense of maleness or femaleness

38
Q

Sexual identity?

A

determined by secondary sexual characteristics

39
Q

Gender dysphoria?

A

“disconnect” between gender identity and sexual identity

40
Q

Gender role?

A

determined by behaviors exhibited by a child;
can be congruent or incongruent to childs gender ID (usu congruent)

41
Q

Sexual orientation.

A

determined by gender ID and attraction to other gender identies

42
Q

Be able to describe female breast, male genitalia, and what similarities there are in both genders in regards to pubic hair in Tanner stage I.

A

Female breasts: preadolescent
Pubic hair (both): none
Male genitalia: childhood size

43
Q

Be able to describe female breast, male genitalia, and what similarities there are in both genders in regards to pubic hair in Tanner stage II.

A

Female breasts: breast bud
Pubic hair (both): sparse, long straight
Male genitalia: enlargement of scrotum, testes

44
Q

Be able to describe female breast, male genitalia, and what similarities there are in both genders in regards to pubic hair in Tanner stage III.

A

Female breasts: areolar diameter enlarges, breast elevates
Pubic hair (both): darker, curling, increased amount
Male genitalia: penis grows in length; testes continue to enlarge

45
Q

Be able to describe female breast, male genitalia, and what similarities there are in both genders in regards to pubic hair in Tanner stage IV

A

Female breasts: secondary mound; separation of contours
Pubic hair (both): course, curly, adult type
Male genitalia: penis grows in length/ breadth; scrotum darkens, testes enlarge

46
Q

Be able to describe female breast, male genitalia, and what similarities there are in both genders in regards to pubic hair in Tanner stage V.

A

Female breasts: mature female
Pubic hair (both): adult, extends to thighs
Male genitalia: adult shape/size

47
Q

Examples of preventive care?

A

may include aspirin therapy and lipid management

48
Q

Screening 2 main conditions of focus in aging individuals?

A

cancer and abdominal aortic aneurysm

49
Q

Breast cancer screening age?

A

> 40 women

50
Q

Colorectal cancer screening age?

A

men and women > 50

51
Q

Depression screening age?

A

> 65 risk factor for suicide

52
Q

Adjustment disorder

A

when life changes cause stressors that require coping mechanisms

53
Q

What are some life changes that can lead to adjustment disorder?

A

retirement, even when voluntary; illness

54
Q

Hospice care?

A

care for terminally-ill patients with a life expectance of ≤ 6 months

55
Q

Kubler Ross stages?

A

denial
anger
bargaining
depression
acceptance

56
Q

Aggression and suicide can be associated with decreased levels of what neurotransmitter?

A

5-HIAA

57
Q

Compare and contrast timeframe of normal grief to depression?

A

Normal Grief:
Normal up to 1 year

Depression:
after 1 year, sooner if symptoms severe

58
Q

Compare and contrast crying, libido, weight, and sleep patterns in normal grief with depression.

A

Normal:
crying, decrease libido, weight loss, insomnia

Depression
same but more severe

59
Q

Compare and contrast longing and wishing to see loved ones illusions and hallucinations of seeing them?

With symptoms of grief/ with symptoms of depression

A

Normal:
longing, wish to see loved one, may think they hear or see loved on in a crowd (illusion)

Depression:
abnormal overidentification, personality change

60
Q

Match: loss of other and loss of self with depression or normal grief?

A

Normal:
loss of other

Depression:
loss of self

61
Q

Suicidal ideation in normal grief vs depression?

A

suicidal ideation rare in normal grief;

suicidal ideation is common in depression

62
Q

Do symptoms stop in depression?

A

symptoms do not stop (may persist for years)

63
Q

Be able to understand this image of female tanner stages.

A
64
Q

Understand this image of male tanner stages.

A
65
Q

Language capabilities reached at 3 months?

A

3 letter word coo

66
Q

Language capabilities reached at 6 months?

A

6 letter word babble

67
Q

Language capabilities reached at 12 months?

A
  • says 3-5 words
  • uses nonverbal gesture (e.g waving goodbye)
67
Q

Language capabilities reached at 9 months?

A

9 letter word imitation

68
Q

Language capabilities at 18 months?

A
  • 10+ word vocabulary
  • identifies common objects
69
Q

Language capabilities at 2 years?

A
  • 300+ word vocabulary
  • 2-3 word phrases
  • states own name
70
Q

Language capabilities at 3 years?

A
  • 3-4 word sentences
  • asks “why” questions
  • states own age
71
Q

Social/cognitive capabilities at 12 months?

A
  • may have separation anxiety
  • searches for hidden objects
72
Q

Social/cognitive capabilities at 2 years?

A
  • begins parallel play
  • begins to gain independence from parents
73
Q

Social/cognitive capabilities at 18 months?

A
  • has temper tantrums
  • understands ownership “mine”
  • imitates others
74
Q

Social/cognitive capabilities at 3 years?

A
  • begins associative play
  • toilet trained, except wiping

Kaplan: Behavioral Science and Social Sciences Part II (14 decks)

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