Chapter 9 - Multivariate Correlational Research Flashcards

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1
Q

define third variable

A

variable that accounts for the apparent association between your town variables of interest. once taken into account, the variables can no longer be related

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2
Q

define moderating variables

A

a variable (theoretical interest) that influences or changes the nature of the relation between two other variables. you see a different pattern of association, weak at one level of moderator and strong at another level

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3
Q

what are the 2 things that multivariate research can address?

A

temporal precedence and internal validity (by identifying thrid variables)

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4
Q

define longitudinal designs

A

measuring the same varaibles in the same people over a long period of time

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5
Q

what are the 3 correlations that can be made from longitudinal designs?

A

X1 and X2: autocorrelations, (correlation of one varibles with itself, measured at two different times)
X1 with Y1: only at one time, cross section correlation (correlation between two variables that are measured at the same time)
X1 and Y2, X2 and Y1: cross-lag correlation, time difference/lag between the variables (correaltion between earlier measure of one variables and a later measure of another variable)

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6
Q

how can you rule out third variables?

A

they can be controlled for by adding the suspected third variables (control variables) into the analysis

there is still only 1 outcome variable, but now you have an infinite amount of predictor variables

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7
Q

what does Beta signify?

A

it is very similar to r but it does not have a specific range
- it gives an estimate change in relation of y for x
- holds all other predictor variables constant

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8
Q

how can mutliple regression still not establish causation?

A
  1. cannot establish temporal precendence: need to have longitudinal studies for this
  2. can never control everything: still so many variables that are not measured that can still affect your results
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9
Q

define mediation

A

answers the questions of why X has a causal effect of Y. it is a internal mechanism that is in the middle of x and y

explains the relationship between the 2 varibales

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10
Q

what is teh difference between a medaitor and a moderator?

A

mediator: caused by x to cause y (why does x influence y)
moderator: changes strength at different levels between x and y (how does the association change when the level of the variables changes)

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11
Q

define modertor

A

it is an external variables that cahnges the original relationship between x and y, the relationship is different at different levels of the moderator

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12
Q

define multiple regression

A

statistical technique that computes the relationsip between a predictor and criterion/outcome variables, while controlling for other predictor variables

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13
Q

define controlling a variable

A

holding a potential third variable at a constant elve while looking at the association between two other variables

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14
Q

define criterion variable

A

varaibles in teh regression that the researchers are most interested in understanding

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15
Q

define predictor variable

A

variable that is used to explain variance in the criterion variable

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