Chapter 9 Managing Project Quality Flashcards
The CMM/CMMI level which is the first to introduce technology change management ____?
a. Level 4 Managed
b. Level 1 Initial
c. Level 3 Defined
d. Level 2 Repeatable
e. Level 5 Optimizing
: Level 5 Optimizing
Level 5 Optimizing At the highest level of process maturity, the whole organization is focused on continuous process improvement. These improvements come about as a result of innovations using new technology and methods and incremental process improvement. Moreover, the organization has the ability to identify its areas of strengths and weaknesses. Innovations and best practices based on lessons learned are identified and disseminated throughout the organizations.
Capability maturity model (CMM) is a framework that was developed to assess and evaluate the capability of software processes and their maturity.
Capability maturity model integrated (CMMI) provides a set of recommended practices that define key process areas specific to software development.
Chapter 9 page 240
____ is the person most closely associated with the scientific management approach.
a. Eli Whitney
b. W. Edwards Deming
c. Joseph Juran
d, Walter Shewhart
e. Frederic Taylor
: Fredric Taylor
Chapter 9 page 238
Quality metrics should focus on
a. Process
b. Project
c. All of these
d. None of these
e. Product
: All of these
Metrics should focus on three categories:
Process, Product, Project
Chapter 9 page 245
The CMM/CMMI level characterized by an immature software organization using ad hoc process is ____?
a. Level 3 Defined
b. Level 4 Managed
c. Level 5 Optimizing
d. Level 1 Initial
e. Level 2 Repeatable
: Level 1 Initial
Level 1 Initial - The initial level generally provides a starting point for many organizations. This level is characterized by an immature organization in which the project process is ad hoc and often reactive to crises. Few, if any, processes for developing and maintaining the product or system are project rests largely with the people on the project and not the processes that they follow. As a result, success is difficult to repeat across different projects throughout the organization.
Chapter 9 page 241
The core values of quality programs proposed by Shewhart, Deming, Juran, Ishikawa, and Crosby include:
a. focus on the customer
b. incremental or continuous improvement
c. problem detection and correction
d. measurement
e. all of these are part of the core values proposed
: focus on the customer
Chapter 9 page
Customer found defect is an example of a :
a. Product Metric
b. Project Metric
c. Project Standard
d. None of these
e. Process Metric
: Product Metric
The intrinsic quality of the deliverables and the satisfaction of the customer with these deliverables is important to measure. These metrics should attempt to describe the characteristics of the project’s deliverables and final product. Examples of product metrics may focus on customer satisfaction, performance, reliability, security, and so forth.
Chapter 9 page 245
The CMM/CMMI level which documents and standardizes software engineering and management processes throughout the organization is ____ ?
a. Level 3 Defined
b. Level 4 Managed
c. Level 5 Optimizing
d. Level 1 Initial
e. Level 2 Repeatable
: Level 3 Defined
At Leve 3, engineering and management processes are documented and standardized throughout the organization and become the organization’s processes, and an organization-wide training program to support the standard process is implemented. Subsequently, activities, roles, and responsibilities are well defined and understood throughout the organization. The process capability of this level is characterized as being standard, consistent, stable and repeatable. However, this standard process may be tailored to suit the individual characteristics or needs of an individual project.
Chapter 9 page 242
____ provides the basis for continuous improvement by auditing and evaluating the results from quality control measurements so that appropriate quality standards and operational definitions are used.
a. Plan Quality
b. Project Quality Management
c. Quality Management Plan
d. Perform Quality Assurance
e. Perform Quality Control
: Perform Quality Assurance
Quality Assurance (QA) provides an auditing of the project to ensure that the documented standards, processes, and metrics defined in the quality management plan are being followed. Verification and validation (V&V) are important QA activities to continually prompt us to ask whether we will deliver a product or system that meets our project customer’s needs and expectations.
Chapter 9 page 245
A ____ is best developed by brainstorming with a learning cycle approach to identify and correct a particular problem.
a. control chart
b. flow chart
c. fishbone diagram
d. pareto diagram
e. statistical chart
: fishbone diagram
Cause and Effect diagram, Ishikawa or fishbone diagram can be used in a variety of situations to help understand various relationships between causes and effects. A project team could begin by identifying the major causes, such as people, materials, management, equipment, measurements, and environment that may influence the problem or quality characteristic in question. Once the diagram is complete, the project team can investigate the possible causes and recommend solutions to correct the problems and improve the process.
Chapter 9 page 249
A list of 14 points for quality is associated with
a. Juran
b. Deming
c. Ishikawa
d. Capability Maturity Model (CMM)
e. Crosby
: Deming
W. Edwards Deming (1900-1933( philosophies and teachings are summarized in his famous 14 points for quality that are outlined and discussed in his book “Out of Crisis (page 22-23)
Chapter 9 page 238
The CMM/CMMI level which is characterized by the addition of Software Quality management and Quantitative Process Management is ____?
a. Level 1 Initial
b. Level 2 Repeatable
c. Level 3 Defined
d. Level 4 Managed
e. Level 5 Optimizing
: Level 4 Managed
At this level, quantitative metrics for measuring and assessing productivity and quality are established for both products and processes. This information is collected and stored in an organization-wide repository that can be used to analyze and evaluate processes and products. Control over projects is achieved by reducing the variability of project performance so that it falls within acceptable control boundaries. The processes of organizations at this level are characterized as bein quantifiable and predictable because quantitative controls are in place to determine whether the process performs within operational limits. Moreover, these controls allow for predicting trends and identifying when assignable causes occur that require immediate attention.
A ____ refers to the activities, methods, materials, and measurements used to produce the product or service.
a. metric
b. performance indicator
c. quality indicator
d. process
e. quality chain
: Process
