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Anatomy/Physiology > Chapter 9 HW > Flashcards

Chapter 9 HW Flashcards

1
Q

Types of leukocytes (white blood cells)

A

Basophils, lymphocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes

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2
Q

Types of hemopoiesis

A

Thrombopoiesis, leukopoiesis, erythropoiesis

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3
Q

Erythrocytes (red blood cells)

A

Have no DNA because they do not have a nucleus

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4
Q

Important nutrients for Erythropoiesis

A

Folic acid, copper, and vitamin B12

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5
Q

Hemoglobin transports

A

Hydrogen ions, oxygen, carbon dioxide

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6
Q

How is blood type determined

A

By mixing the serum of blood with different types of serum to see if agglutination occurs

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7
Q

How to determine blood type

A

By the antigens on the blood cell’s surface

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8
Q

Red blood cell lifespan

A

110-120 days

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9
Q

AB blood

A

Universal recipient

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10
Q

Type O blood

A

Universal donor, but can only receive type O blood

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11
Q

If a pregnant woman is Rh+

A

She will never produce anti-Rh antibodies, therefore she does not have anti-Rh antibodies

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12
Q

If a pregnant woman is Rh-

A

She will develop anti-Rh antibodies if she carries an Rh+ child, she will not develop anti-Rh antibodies if she Carrie’s an Rh- child, she does not have anti-Rh antibodies

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13
Q

Layers of a spun tube of blood in a centrifuge

A

Bottom layer is RBCs which are the heaviest (45% of whole blood), top straw-colored layer is plasma which are the most abundant (55% of whole blood)

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14
Q

Blood test that gives percentage of each leukocyte (WBCs) of the total number of leukocytes

A

White blood cell differential

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15
Q

Blood test that measures the number of leukocytes (WBCs)

A

White blood cell count

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16
Q

Blood test that measures the percentage of erythrocytes (RBCs) to whole blood

A

Hematocrit

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17
Q

Sickle cell

A

Disorder characterized by an alternative form of hemoglobin that changes the shape of a RBC

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18
Q

Erythropoietin

A

Stimulates red blood cell production

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19
Q

What happens to the four globin chains when hemoglobin is broken down by the liver and spleen

A

They are broken down to free amino acids which are then recycled to the bone marrow

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20
Q

What happens to the heme when hemoglobin is broken down by the liver and spleen

A

It is broken down to iron and billrubin

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21
Q

Agglutination

A

Happens when two non-compatible blood types are mixed together

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22
Q

Thrombus

A

A stationary, unnecessary clot

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23
Q

Embolus

A

A moving, unnecessary clot

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24
Q

Normal platelet count

A

165,000 - 415,000/mm3 of blood

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25
Q

Normal WBC count

A

3,540-9,060/mm3 of blood

26
Q

Hemopoiesis

A

The production of blood cells

27
Q

Serum

A

Plasma with clotting factors removed

28
Q

Order of hemostasis

A

Vascular spasm, platelet plug formation, coagulation

29
Q

Function of thrombocytes

A

To form platelet plugs and release clotting factors

30
Q

Most abundant component of plasma

A

Water

31
Q

Fibrinolysis

A

Process of dissolving an unnecessary blood clot

32
Q

What makes hemoglobin a buffer

A

Hemoglobin binds H+ ions

33
Q

What produces Thrombopoietin

A

Kidney

34
Q

RBCs role in the various functions of the blood

A

Transportation and regulation

35
Q

WBCs role in the various functions of the blood

A

Protection

36
Q

Globulin

A

Describes antibodies found in plasma

37
Q

Hemolytic anemia

A

Caused by the destruction of RBCs

38
Q

Pernicious anemia

A

Caused by the lack of intrinsic factor from the stomach that allows vitamin B 12 to be absorbed

39
Q

Where does leukopoiesis occur

A

Red bone marrow

40
Q

Lumbar puncture

A

Diagnostic test collects and analyzes cerebrospinal fluid for the presence of WBCs

41
Q

Partial thromboplastin time

A

Diagnostic test that evaluated the function of clotting factors within the blood

42
Q

Polycythemia

A

Disorder that describes a condition of too many blood cells

43
Q

Hemophilia

A

Inherited disorder characterized by the inability to make one or more clotting factors

44
Q

Thrombocytopenia

A

Disorder characterized by a low platelet count

45
Q

Anemia

A

Disorder that results from insufficient RBCs or hemoglobin to carry enough oxygen to maintain homeostasis

46
Q

Iron

A

Important blood nutrient that allows for the hemoglobin in RBCs to carry oxygen

47
Q

Inappropriate clotting mechanisms

A

Anticoagulants interfere with pathways of clotting , vessels coated with a platelet repellent to prevent them from sticking to vessel walls, circulation dilutes thrombin in the blood

48
Q

Formed elements of blood

A

Platelets, WBCs, RBCs

49
Q

Fibrinolysis

A

Process of dissolving clots

50
Q

Eosinophils

A

Leukocytes (WBCs) that attack parasitic worms

51
Q

Monocytes

A

Leukocytes (WBCs) become macrophages and phagocytize dead and dying tissue, microorganisms, and any other foreign matter or debris

52
Q

Most abundant leukocytes (WBCs) in circulating blood

A

Neutrophils

53
Q

Leukocytes (WBCs) that release histamine to promote inflammation and heparin as an anticoagulant

A

Basophils

54
Q

Intrinsic and extrinsic pathway of blood clotting IS NOT begun by damaged tissues

A

^^^

55
Q

Damaged tissues

A

Trigger the extrinsic pathway of coagulation

56
Q

Not considered a formed element of blood

A

Plasma

57
Q

Organs that function to remove old, worn out RBCs

A

Liver and spleen

58
Q

Shape of erythrocytes

A

Biconcave

59
Q

Hemoglobin

A

Each globin chain on a hemoglobin molecule contains a heme group

60
Q

Plasma IS NOT free of waste products

A

^^^

61
Q

Coagulation

A

Blood clotting

62
Q

Vascular spasm

A

The prompt constriction of a broken vessel

Anatomy/Physiology (10 decks)

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