Chapter 9: Antibiotics

Question 1

aerobic

Answer 1

bacteria that depend on oxygen for survival

Question 2

anaerobic

Answer 2

bacteria that survive without oxygen, which are often found in chronic infections and in the GI tract

Question 3

antibiotic

Answer 3

chemical that inhibits the growth of specific bacteria or causes the death of susceptible bacteria

Question 4

gram-negative

Answer 4

bacteria that have only a thin layer of peptidoglycan, making them less likely to absorb stain or become decolorized by alcohol; these bacteria are frequently associated with infections of the genitourinary or gastrointestinal (GI) tract

Question 5

gram-positive

Answer 5

bacteria that have cell walls with more peptidoglycan layers, which absorb more stain or resist decolorization with alcohol during preliminary identification; these bacteria are frequently associated with infections of the respiratory tract and soft tissues

Question 6

gram staining

Answer 6

a process used to identify between types of bacteria based on differences of components in their cell walls

Question 7

synergistic

Answer 7

drugs that work together to increase drug effectiveness