Chapter 12: Antiprotozoal Agents

Question 1

amebiasis

Answer 1

amebic dysentery, which is caused by intestinal invasion of the trophozoite stage of the protozoan Entamoeba histolytica

Question 2

Anopheles mosquito

Answer 2

type of mosquito that is essential to the life cycle of Plasmodium; injects the protozoa into humans for further maturation

Question 3

cinchonism

Answer 3

syndrome of quinine toxicity characterized by nausea, vomiting, tinnitus, and vertigo

Question 4

giardiasis

Answer 4

protozoal intestinal infection that causes severe diarrhea and epigastric distress; may lead to serious malnutrition

Question 5

leishmaniasis

Answer 5

infection of the skin, mucous membrane, or viscera caused by a protozoan passed to humans by the bites of sandflies

Question 6

malaria

Answer 6

protozoal infection with Plasmodium characterized by cyclic fever and chills as the parasite is released from ruptured red blood cells; causes serious liver, central nervous system (CNS), heart, and lung damage

Question 7

plasmodium

Answer 7

a protozoan that causes malaria in humans; its life cycle includes the anopheles mosquito, which injects protozoa into humans

Question 8

protozoa

Answer 8

single-celled organisms that pass through several stages in their life cycles, including at least one phase as a human parasite; found in areas with poor sanitation and hygiene and crowded living conditions

Question 9

trichomoniasis

Answer 9

infestation with a protozoan that causes vaginitis in females but no signs or symptoms in males

Question 10

trophozoite

Answer 10

a developing stage of a parasite, which uses the host for essential nutrients needed for growth

Question 11

trypanosomiasis

Answer 11

african sleeping sickness, which is caused by a protozoan that inflames the CNS and is spread to humans by the bite of the tsetse fly; also, Chagas disease, which causes a serious cardiomyopathy after the bite of the housefly