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Ap World > Chapter 9 > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Flashcards

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AP® World History flashcards
0
Q

What was the first Indian empire

A

Mauyran

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1
Q

Who founded the first Indian empire

A

Chandragupta maurya

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2
Q

What convinced Ashoka to convert to Buddhism

A

The bloody war against the Kalinga

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3
Q

What is ahimsa

A

Non violence

Important jainist ethic

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4
Q

Why did Buddhism Jainism and Hinduism emerge

A

To meet the changing needs of the time

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5
Q

What was Siddhartha Gautama concerned with

A

Suffering

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6
Q

Who was Siddhartha Gautama

A

The fist Buddha

Started Buddhism

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7
Q

Why did Jainism and Buddhism appeal to lower class

A

They didnt recognize social distinctions based on jati

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8
Q

What did Ashoka do to support Buddhism

A 
Banned animal sacrifice and hunting
Vegetarian 
Built monasteries and stupas
Made pilgrimages 
Sent Buddhist missionaries to foreign lands
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9
Q

What happened to chandragupta

A

He left the throne to become a monk where he starves

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10
Q

Who ruled during mauryan empires high point

A

Ashoka maurya

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11
Q

Who was Ashoka maurya

A

Chandraguptas grandson

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12
Q

What war campaign did Ashoka maurya start

A

To take Kalinga

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13
Q

How was the Kalinga war or campaign

A

Bloody

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14
Q

What was the mauryan capital

A

Pataliputra

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15
Q

How did mauryan emperors rule

A

Through organized bureaucracy

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16
Q

Who oversaw Mauryan taxes

A

Treasury

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17
Q

What ended the mauryan empire

A

Financial and economic difficulties

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18
Q

What brought India to order after the mauryan

A

Local rulers formed kingdoms

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19
Q

Who were the Greek Bactria

A

Alexander the Great Heirs

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20
Q

Capital of the Greek Bactria rule

A

Taxila

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21
Q

Who were the Kushan

A

Nomadic people who conquered Bactria

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22
Q

Who made it safe for travelers to use the silk roads

A

Kushan empire

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23
Q

Who stares the Gupta dynasty

A

Chandra Gupta

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24
Q

Which Gupta ruler had an iron puller commemorating him

A

Chandra Gupta the second

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25
Q

Who took the Gupta dynasty over

A

White huns

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26
Q

What did towns produce

A

Manufactured products
Businesses on a large scale
Trade

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27
Q

Trade by land

A

Silk Road

Hindu Kush mountains

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28
Q

Trade by sea

A

Indian ocean

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29
Q

Most popular Indian trade item

A

Indian pepper

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30
Q

What did wives do

A

Ran household

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31
Q

Brahmins

A

Priests

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32
Q

Kshatriyas

A

Warriors and aristocrats

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33
Q

Vaishyas

A

Peasants and merchants

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34
Q

Ancient Indian religious sacrifices were held by

A

Brahmins

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35
Q

Greatest social contribution of the Jains

A

Didnt recognize caste system

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36
Q

Buddha believed salvation came from

A

Leading a balanced moderate life

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37
Q

Boddhisatva

A

An enlightened being, an individual who had reached spiritual perfection yet stayed to help others who struggled

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38
Q

When ( under who’s rule) did Kushan empire peak

A

Kashika

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39
Q

Who governed the mauryan empire

A

Kautalya

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40
Q

What type of trees did Ashoka plant

A

Bayan trees

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41
Q

Who ruled India after the mauryans

A

The Greek Bactria

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42
Q

Artha

A

Pursuit of economic well- being and honest prosperity

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43
Q

Dharma ( Hindu)

A

Obedience to religious and moral law

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44
Q

Who was the most popular Kushan empire

A

Kanishaka

45
Q

Buddhist holy site

A

Bodh Gaya

46
Q

What led to moksha

A

Balance of artha, kama, and dharma

47
Q

Duty of classes

A 
Susras= to serve
Vaishyas= to work 
Brahmins= to learn
Kshatriyas= to govern and fight
48
Q

What did Buddhist give up

A

Personal property, social standing and detachment from family and the world

49
Q

Who supported Buddhism

A

Mauryan dynasty, Ashoka

50
Q

What did the noble eightfold path lead people to

A

Salvation

51
Q

What came to power after Alexander’s collapse

A

Kingdom of Magadha

52
Q

What helped expand trade

A

Monsoon winds

53
Q

Where was Nalanda

A

Ganges river valley near Pataliputra

54
Q

Hinayana

A

Lesser vehicle

55
Q

What was different about Mahayana Buddhism

A

Buddha was worshiped as a god
Had boddhisatvas
Accepted gifts to gain salvation

56
Q

What is a stupa

A

Shrines housing relics of the Buddha and his first disciples

Pilgrims venerated while meditating on Buddhist values

57
Q

Dharma (def)

A

The basic doctrine shares by Buddhist of all sects

58
Q

Steps to eightfold path

A

Lead a balanced moderate life
Reject devotion to luxury and asceticism
Right belief resolve speech behavior occupation efforts contemplation and meditation

59
Q

What caused the maurya empire to collapse

A

Financial difficulties caused by maintaining the army and bureaucracy

60
Q

What was the Kushan empires origins

A

Was originated from nadic conquerors from central asia

61
Q

Who did the Gupta empire fight with

A

The white huns

62
Q

What was the goal of early Buddhism

A

Nirvana

63
Q

What is nirvana

A

The breaking of the cycle of rebirth

64
Q

Why did Buddhism lose popularity

A

It grew increasingly remote from the pop at large

65
Q

How long was the Kushan rule

A

1-300ce

66
Q

How did Chandra Gupta start the empire

A

Forged alliances with powerful families

67
Q

Gupta capital

A

Pataliputra

68
Q

Who conquered many kingdoms for the Gupta dynasty

A

Samudra and Chandra 2

69
Q

Who governed and administrated the Gupta dynasty

A

Their allies

70
Q

Who were charvakas

A

Atheist

71
Q

What promotes movement based on Upanishads

A

Jainism

72
Q

What philosophy did they believe in moderate consumption

A

Buddhism

73
Q

Boddhisatvas

A

Saints

74
Q

Monasteries of Buddhism

A

Stupta

75
Q

During the time of the aryans what political landscape was their

A

Small kingdoms

76
Q

In 500bce the Indian political seance was changed by

A

Darius of Persia

77
Q

In 326bce India was placed in chaos by

A

Alexander the Great

78
Q

Mauryan emperor Ashoka fought the bloodiest battle against

A

Kalinga

79
Q

What language did the bactodonians speak

A

Greek

80
Q

Gupta was created by

A

Chandra Gupta

81
Q

Collapse of Gupta state caused by what invaders

A

White Huns

82
Q

Most pronounced ex of patriarchal dominance in India was

A

Child marriage

83
Q

What are the dharma

A

The Buddhist doctrines

Four noble truths and noble eightfold path

84
Q

Shudras

A

Semi free serfs who worked on fields to make land fertile

85
Q

Two religions that eclipses Buddhism

A

Hinduism and islam

86
Q

What empire supports Hinduism

A

Gupta

87
Q

Why did Buddhism decline

A

It grew remote with the popular masses

88
Q

Moksha

A

Salvation of the soul

89
Q

Kama

A

Enjoyment of social physical and sexual pleasures

90
Q

Four aims of human life ( Hindu)

A

Dharma artha Kama and moksha

91
Q

Who was the model for all wives

A

Sita

92
Q

What was Ramayana originally

A

A love and adventure story

93
Q

Doctrine of Buddhism

A

Four noble truths

94
Q

Social order

A

Brahmins Kshatriyas vaishyas and shudra

95
Q

Epics of Hindu values

A

Mahabharata and Ramayana

96
Q

What was Nalanda

A

Buddhist monastery

97
Q

What Buddhism did the school on Ceylon recognize

A

Theravada Buddhism

98
Q

Mahayana

A

Greater vehicle

99
Q

What is a guild

A

A corporate body that supervised prices and wages given industry and provided welfare for members

100
Q

Why were guilds formed

A

New groups didnt fit into the social structure

101
Q

What did the people of the same guild do

A

Lived near each other
Socialized with each other
Intermarried
Cared for everyone on the guild

102
Q

Indian guilds

A

Jati

103
Q

Who taught Jainism

A

Vardhamana mahavira

104
Q

What is vardhamana known as

A

Jina ( the conqueror)

105
Q

Followers of Jainism were called

A

Jains

106
Q

Jainist ethics

A

Vegetarian
Ahimsa
Very demanding

107
Q

Ahimsa

A

Nonviolence to other living things or their souls

108
Q

Who stares Buddhism

A

Siddhartha Gautama

109
Q

Siddhartha Gautama known as

A

Buddha ( the enlightened one)

110
Q

What was the song of The Lord

A

Bhagavad Gita

111
Q

What did the four noble truths teach

A

Desire is the cause of suffering, elimination of desire brings the end to suffering and disciplined life conducted with the noble eightfold path eliminate desire

Ap World (8 decks)

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