Chapter 14 Flashcards
What was the ka’ba
A popular shrine in Mecca
After Meccas conquest what happened to the ka’ba
It want destroyed and became a site of pilgrimage
Muhammad established a government dedicated to who
Allah
When did Muhammad and his followers conquere Mecca
630
Caravanserais
Cities with places for traders and their camels a place to rest and get food
Why did rulers maintain roads
Military and administration
What did mariners borrow from the Chinese
Compass
The Hijra
Muhammad’s move to yathrib
Mariners borrowed what from Asian and Indian mariners
Lateen sails
Borrowed what from Hellenistic mariners
Astrolabe
Qadis
Judges
Who ruled during Abbasid high
Harun al- Rashid
What does caliph mean
Deputy
Capital city of Umayyad dynasty
Damascus
Hindi numerals became known as
Arabic numerals
Where did Islam get numbers
India- known as Hindi numerals
Island one true god
Allah
Where was Muhammad born
Mecca
What Persian empire did Islam borrow gov techniques
Sassanid
What’s did al ghazali believe
Human reason was too frail and confusing
Muhammad’s first wife
Khadija
Sufis
Islamic mystics
How were nomadic Bedouin people organized
Family and clan groups
Where did paper maunfactoring begin
China
New industry
Paper manufacture
How did the Umayyad rule (interests)
Internets of Arabian military aristocracy
What problem did the Umayyad dynasty temporarily solve
Succession
Who were the Sunnis
Traditionalists
Who did the Shia support
Ali and his descendants
Islamic school of higher education
Madrasas
Saljuq Turks rulers who were the true source of authority over later Abbasid
Sultan
Dar al Islam
House of Islam
Rendering to the entire Islamic realm
Hajj
Pilgrimage to the Ka’ba in Mecca
Who controlled al andalus Islamic Spain
Muslim Berbers
Who ruled locally during Abbasid
Ulama and qadis
Effects of new crops
Increased variety and quantities of food
Where did they adopt ceiling of women from
Mes and Persia
What did the caliph rule/ become
Head of state chief judge religious leader and military commander
Where did Islamic world get the language for lit poetry and history
Persia
Who was Islamic Spain loyal to ( dynasty)
Umayyad
What spread Islamic faith
Missionaries
What was Islamic Spain known as
Al andalus
When did paper spread beyond china
After the battle of talas river
What became the basis for textiles
Cotton
Who ended the Abbasid empire
Mongols
Who won the battle of talas river
Abbasid
Who fought in the battle of talas river
Abbasid and china( tang)
How did Umayyad end
Rebellion in Persia lead by Abu al Abbas
Who did Abu al Abbas side with
Shias and Muslim Persians
Where was the Umayyad capital
Damascus
When did the Umayyad dynasty come around
After Ali’s death
What does umma mean
Community of the faithful
What does Quran mean
Recitation
Who were the army people who lived on Arabia
Bedouin or nomadic people
Muslim means
One who has submitted
When did the sharia emerge
After Muhammad’s death
Who brought the visions to Muhammad
Archangel gabriel
What did ulama and qadis do
Developed public policies and dispensed justice according to the Quran and sharia
Who founded the Umayyad dynasty
The Sunnis
Islam means
Submission to the will of Allah
Sharia
Islamic law
What are the five pillars of Islam
Obligations taught by Muhammad
What enhanced women security
Quran
What reinforced male dominance
Quran and sharia
Tried to understand the world in a purely rational way
Ibn Rushd
Pilgrimage to Mecca
Hajj
Founder of the Abbasid dynasty’s
Abu al Abbas
Islamic code of law
Sharia
Revelations of Allah as given to Muhammad
Quran
Sect that proposed that the caliphate should go through Ali’s line
Shia
Ruling dynasty centered at Baghdad
Abbasid
Ruling dynasty after Ali’s assassination
Umayyad
Muhammad’s journey to yathrib
Hijra
Who seized Baghdad I’m 945
Persian nobles
Who ruled provinces during Abbasid dynasty
Governors
Capital of Islamic Spain
Cordoba
Where did the Abbasid central authority rule
Court at Baghdad
Who did the Abbasid dynasty borrow statecraft techniques
Persia
What did Muhammad call himself
Seal of the prophets
Umma
The community of Muslims in medina
What is the starting point of the Islamic calendar
The Hijra
Where did Muhammad move after conflicts at Mecca
Medina
What are the five pillars of Islam
Acknowledge Allah as the only god and Muhammad his prophet
Pray to Allah daily while facing Mecca
Observe fast during the day of Ramadan
Hajj
Medina means
The city of the prophet
Yathrib became known as
Medina
Hijra
Muhammad’s flight from Mecca to yathrib
Who stares the Abbasid dynasty
Abu al Abbas
Umayyad head tax
Jizya
How were non converts treated
Had levied taxes
Discriminated against
Who was influenced by Aristotle
Ibn Rushd
Hadith
Sayings and deeds is Muhammad included in the Quran
What was included in the Quran
Muhammad’s revelations
What was the Quran
Holy book of Islam
Ulama
People with religious knowledge
Who did Abu al Abbas ally with
Shias and non Arab Muslims
After Muhammad’s death who served as the first caliph
Abu bakr
What caused Islam to become a way of life
The sharia
Sakk
Letters of credit that functioned as checks
Muslim scholars development in math
Algebra trig and geo
