Chapter 9 Flashcards
All-Channel Network
A communication network patter in which group members are always together and share all information with one another.
Authoritarian Leadership Style
A leadership style in which the designated leader uses legitimate, coercive, and reward power to dictate the group’s actions.
Chain Network
A communication network in which information passes sequentially from one member to another.
Coercive Power
The power to influence others by the threat or imposition of unpleasant consequences.
Collectivistic Orientation
A cultural orientation focusing on loyalties and obligations to the group, which may include the family, the community, the organization, and work teams.
Consensus
Agreement between group members about a decision.
Democratic Leadership Style
A style in which the nominal leader invites the group’s participation in decision making.
Dysfunctional Roles
Individual roles played by group members that inhibit the group’s effective operation.
Expert Power
The ability to influence others by virtue of one’s perceived expertise on the subject in question.
Formal Role
A role assigned to a person by group members or an organization, usually to establish order.
Gatekeepers
Producers of mass messages, who determine what messages will be delivered to consumers, how those messages will be constructed, and when they will be delivered.
Group
A small collection of people whose members interact with each other, usually face to face, over time in order to reach goals.
Group Goals
Goals that a group collectively seeks to accomplish.
Hidden Agendas
Individual goals that group members are unwilling to reveal.
Individual Goals
Individual motives for joining a group.
Individualistic Orientation
A cultural orientation focusing on the value and welfare of individual members, as opposed to a concern for the group as a whole.
Informal Roles
Roles usually not explicitly recognized by a group that describe functions of group members, rather than their positions
Information Power
The ability to influence other by virtue of the otherwise obscure information one possesses.
Laissez-Faire Leadership Style
A style in which the designated leader give up his or her formal role, transforming the group into a loose collection of individuals.
Leadership Grid
A two-dimensional model that identifies leadership styles as a combination of concern for people and the task at hand.
Legitimate Power
The ability to influence a group owing to one’s position in a group.
Nominal Leader
The person who is identified by titles as the leader of a group.
Norms
Shared values, beliefs, behaviors, and procedures that govern a group’s operation.
Power
The ability to influence others’ thoughts and/or actions.
Power Distance
The degree to which members are willing to accept a difference in power and status between members of a group.
Procedural Norms
Norms that describe rules for the group’s operation.
Referent Power
The ability to influence others by virtue of the degree to which one is liked or respected.
Reward Power
The ability to influence others by the granting or promising of desirable consequences.
Roles
The patterns of behavior expected of group members.
Rule
Explicit, officially stated guideline that governs group functions and member behavior.
Situational Leadership
A theory that argues that the most effective leadership style varies according to leader-members relations, the nominal leader’s power, and the task structure.
Social Norms
Group norms that govern the way members relate to one another.
Social Orientation
Individual goals that involve affiliation, influence, and esteem of others.
Social Roles
Emotional roles concerned with maintaining smooth personal relationships among group members.
Sociogram
Graphic representation of the interaction patterns in a group.
Task Norms
Group norms that govern the way members handle the job at hand.
Task Orientation
A cultural orientation that focuses heavily on getting the job done.
Task Roles
Roles group members take on in order to help solve a problem.
Trait Theories Of Leadership
The belief that it is possible to identify leaders by personal traits, such as intelligence, appearance, or sociability.
Uncertainty Avoidance
A cultural orientation signified by the degree to which members welcome risk, uncertainty, and change.
Virtual Groups
People who interact with one another via mediated channels, without meeting face-to-face.
Wheel Network
A communication network in which a gatekeeper regulates the flow of information from all other members.
