Chapter 9

Question 1

All-Channel Network

Answer 1

A communication network patter in which group members are always together and share all information with one another.

Question 2

Authoritarian Leadership Style

Answer 2

A leadership style in which the designated leader uses legitimate, coercive, and reward power to dictate the group’s actions.

Question 3

Chain Network

Answer 3

A communication network in which information passes sequentially from one member to another.

Question 4

Coercive Power

Answer 4

The power to influence others by the threat or imposition of unpleasant consequences.

Question 5

Collectivistic Orientation

Answer 5

A cultural orientation focusing on loyalties and obligations to the group, which may include the family, the community, the organization, and work teams.

Question 6

Consensus

Answer 6

Agreement between group members about a decision.

Question 7

Democratic Leadership Style

Answer 7

A style in which the nominal leader invites the group’s participation in decision making.

Question 8

Dysfunctional Roles

Answer 8

Individual roles played by group members that inhibit the group’s effective operation.

Question 9

Expert Power

Answer 9

The ability to influence others by virtue of one’s perceived expertise on the subject in question.

Question 10

Formal Role

Answer 10

A role assigned to a person by group members or an organization, usually to establish order.

Question 11

Gatekeepers

Answer 11

Producers of mass messages, who determine what messages will be delivered to consumers, how those messages will be constructed, and when they will be delivered.

Question 12

Group

Answer 12

A small collection of people whose members interact with each other, usually face to face, over time in order to reach goals.

Question 13

Group Goals

Answer 13

Goals that a group collectively seeks to accomplish.

Question 14

Hidden Agendas

Answer 14

Individual goals that group members are unwilling to reveal.

Question 15

Individual Goals

Answer 15

Individual motives for joining a group.

Question 16

Individualistic Orientation

Answer 16

A cultural orientation focusing on the value and welfare of individual members, as opposed to a concern for the group as a whole.

Question 17

Informal Roles

Answer 17

Roles usually not explicitly recognized by a group that describe functions of group members, rather than their positions

Question 18

Information Power

Answer 18

The ability to influence other by virtue of the otherwise obscure information one possesses.

Question 19

Laissez-Faire Leadership Style

Answer 19

A style in which the designated leader give up his or her formal role, transforming the group into a loose collection of individuals.

Question 20

Leadership Grid

Answer 20

A two-dimensional model that identifies leadership styles as a combination of concern for people and the task at hand.

Question 21

Legitimate Power

Answer 21

The ability to influence a group owing to one’s position in a group.

Question 22

Nominal Leader

Answer 22

The person who is identified by titles as the leader of a group.

Question 23

Norms

Answer 23

Shared values, beliefs, behaviors, and procedures that govern a group’s operation.

Question 24

Power

Answer 24

The ability to influence others’ thoughts and/or actions.

Question 25

Power Distance

Answer 25

The degree to which members are willing to accept a difference in power and status between members of a group.

Question 26

Procedural Norms

Answer 26

Norms that describe rules for the group’s operation.

Question 27

Referent Power

Answer 27

The ability to influence others by virtue of the degree to which one is liked or respected.

Question 28

Reward Power

Answer 28

The ability to influence others by the granting or promising of desirable consequences.

Question 29

Roles

Answer 29

The patterns of behavior expected of group members.

Question 30

Rule

Answer 30

Explicit, officially stated guideline that governs group functions and member behavior.

Question 31

Situational Leadership

Answer 31

A theory that argues that the most effective leadership style varies according to leader-members relations, the nominal leader’s power, and the task structure.

Question 32

Social Norms

Answer 32

Group norms that govern the way members relate to one another.

Question 33

Social Orientation

Answer 33

Individual goals that involve affiliation, influence, and esteem of others.

Question 34

Social Roles

Answer 34

Emotional roles concerned with maintaining smooth personal relationships among group members.

Question 35

Sociogram

Answer 35

Graphic representation of the interaction patterns in a group.

Question 36

Task Norms

Answer 36

Group norms that govern the way members handle the job at hand.

Question 37

Task Orientation

Answer 37

A cultural orientation that focuses heavily on getting the job done.

Question 38

Task Roles

Answer 38

Roles group members take on in order to help solve a problem.

Question 39

Trait Theories Of Leadership

Answer 39

The belief that it is possible to identify leaders by personal traits, such as intelligence, appearance, or sociability.

Question 40

Uncertainty Avoidance

Answer 40

A cultural orientation signified by the degree to which members welcome risk, uncertainty, and change.

Question 41

Virtual Groups

Answer 41

People who interact with one another via mediated channels, without meeting face-to-face.

Question 42

Wheel Network

Answer 42

A communication network in which a gatekeeper regulates the flow of information from all other members.