Chapter 8 Flashcards
Assertive Communication
A style of communicating that directly expresses the sender’s needs, thoughts, or feelings, delivered in a way that does not attack the receiver’s dignity.
Avoidance Spiral
A communication spiral in which the parties slowly reduce their dependence on one another, withdraw, and become less invested in the relationship.
Certainty
Messages that dogmatically imply that the speaker’s position is correct that the other person’s ideas are not worth considering.
Communication Climate
The emotional tone of a relational as it is expressed in the messages that the partners send and receive.
Compromise
An approach to conflict resolution in which both parties attain at least part of what they seek through self-sacrifice.
Confirming Responses
A message that expresses respect and valuing of the other person.
Conflict
An expressed struggle between at least two interdependent parties who perceive incompatible goals, scarce rewards, and interference from the other part in achieving their goals.
Controlling Communication
Messages in which the sender tries to impose some sort of outcome on the receiver, usually resulting in a defensive reaction.
Description
In terms of communication climate, a statement in which the speaker describes his/her position.
Direct Aggression
An expression of the sender’s thoughts or feelings or both that attacks the position and dignity of the receiver.
Disconfirming Response
A message that expresses a lack of caring or respect for another person.
Empathy
The ability to project oneself into another person’s point of view, so as to experience the other’s thoughts and feelings
Equality
When communicators show that they believe others have just as much worth as human beings.
Escalatory Spiral
A reciprocal pattern of communication in which messages, either confirming or disconfirming between two or more communicators reinforce one another.
Evaluative Communication
Messages in which the sender judges the receiver in some way, usually resulting in a defensive response.
Gibb Categories
Six sets of contrasting styles of verbal and nonverbal behavior. Each set describes a communication style that is likely to arouse defensiveness and a contrasting style that is likely to prevent or reduce it.
“I” Langauge
Language that describes the speaker’s position without evaluating others.
Indirect Communication
Hinting at a message instead of expressing thoughts and feelings directly.
Lose-Lose Problem Solving
An approach to conflict resolution in which neither party achieves its goals.
Neutrality
A defense-arousing behavior in which the sender expresses indifference toward a receiver.
Nonassertion
The inability or unwillingness to express one’s thoughts or feelings when necessary.
Passive Aggression
An indirect expression of aggression, delivered in a way that allows the sender to maintain a facade of kindness.
Problem Orientation
A supportive style of communication in which the communication focus on working together to solve their problems instead of trying to impose their own solutions on one another.
Provisionalism
A supportive style of communication in which the sender expresses a willingness to consider the other person’s position.
Spiral
Reciprocal communication pattern in which each person’s message reinforces the other’s.
Spontaneity
Supportive communication behavior in which the sender expresses a message without any attempt to manipulate the receiver.
Strategy
A defense-arousing style of communication in which the sender tries to manipulate or trick a receiver; also, the general term for any type of plan, as in the plan for a persuasive speech.
Superiority
A type of communication that suggests one person is better than the other.
Win-Lose Problem Solving
An approach to conflict resolution in which one party reaches its goals at the expense of the other.
Win-Win Problem Solving
An approach to conflict resolution in which the parties work together to satisfy all their goals.
“You” Language
Language that judges another person, increasing the likelihood of a defensive reaction.
