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Human Resources > Chapter 9 > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Flashcards

1
Q

Organization

A

a group of people assembled to perform activities that will allow the entity to accomplish a set of strategic and tactical goals and to realize its mission

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2
Q

Organizational Structure

A

the way in which the division of labor, communication, and movement of resources among the parts of an organization are coordinated to accomplish tasks and goals

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3
Q

Organization Design

A

the process of creating an organizational structure

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4
Q

Hierarchy

A

a way of organizing people and groups to formal authority

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5
Q

Authority

A

the legitimate right of a person in a particular job to make certain decisions, allocate resources, and direct certain other people’s activities.

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6
Q

Responsibility

A

the obligation to satisfactorily accomplish the tasks associated with a job

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7
Q

Accountability

A

an individual’s willingness to report job success or failure regarding expected job outcomes to his or her manager or other superiors in the chain of command

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8
Q

Span of Control

A

the number of jobs that report to a position at the next higher level in a hierarchy

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9
Q

Span of Leadership

A

the number of jobs reporting to a person who is responsible for influencing, inspiring, and developing the people who hold those jobs

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10
Q

Centralized Decision Making

A

structural model in which the vast majority of decision-making power is concentrated, typically among those at the top of the organizational hierarchy

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11
Q

Decentralized Decision Making

A

structural model in which decision making power is distributed among the people closest to the relevant information, those will be affected by the decision, or those who will have to implement the decision

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12
Q

Organizational Chart

A

a visual representation of how roles, jobs, authority, and responsibility are distributed within an organization

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13
Q

Open Systems Theory

A

a theory stating that any human system, such as an organization, is constantly influenced by and is influencing its environment

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14
Q

Mechanistic Organization

A

an organization characterized by routine job functions, a high degree of specialization, and division of labor

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15
Q

Division of Labor

A

the process of reducing work to the smallest, simplest, and most easily repeated tasks possible

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16
Q

Organic Organization

A

characterized by a high degree of flexibility, low levels of specialization, less formality, and decentralized decision-making process

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17
Q

Adaptive Organization

A

an organization that is very flexible and readily responds to feedback-to internal and external changes in conditions and the overall environment
-Spider/Starfish analogy

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18
Q

Sole Proprietorship

A

an ownership model in which a single individual owns a business

19
Q

Partnership

A

an ownership model in which two or more individuals share the ownership of a business

20
Q

Corporation

A

an organization that is legally recognized as a unique entity, pays taxes, and can be sued, and that does not have the personal liability issues of sole proprietorships and partnerships

21
Q

S Corporation

A

a type of corporation that has 100 or fewer shareholders and does not pay federal income taxes

22
Q

LLC

A

a hybrid form of ownership that provides limited personal liability to the owners of a business

23
Q

Cooperative Contracts

A

friendly business agreements that result from equity joint ventures, which are also known as equity alliances

24
Q

Licensing Agreement

A

a business agreement in which the owner of trademarked material authorizes an individual or company to use that material to sell or market products or services in exchange for a fee

25
Q

Franchise

A

an agreement in which the owner of a business grants an individuals right to sell or market products or services under that business name in exchange for a fee

26
Q

Wholly Owned Affiliates

A

a company whose stock is completely owned by a second company, referred to as a parent or holding company

27
Q

Strategic Alliances

A

agreements between two or more parties to work together to achieve a common goal

28
Q

Cross-Functional Teams

A

consist of individuals from many parts of an organization who are brought together to provide different points of view and skills in the service of organization-wide challenges and opportunities, innovations, and special projects

29
Q

Departmentalization

A

the process by which individuals or activities are grouped together into departments according to function, geography, product, process, or customer, as well as how the departments are coordinated and how they fit within the larger organization

30
Q

Divisional Structures

A

within a company that include all of the departments necessary to achieve particular organizational goals

31
Q

Functional Departmentalization

A

method of grouping jobs based on the nature of the work being performed

32
Q

Product Departmentalization

A

a method of grouping jobs based on the products made or services offered

33
Q

Process Departmentalization

A

method of grouping jobs based on the sequential steps of the work people do to produce products or services or engage in other business activities

34
Q

Customer Departmentalization

A

a method of grouping jobs based on the need of customers, consumers, or clients

35
Q

Geographic Departmentalization

A

a method of grouping jobs based on their physical location

36
Q

Matrix

A

a structure in which departments within an organization are linked directly to one unit in the vertical organization and to another unit in the horizontal organization

37
Q

Hybrid Structure

A

a structure that incorporates more than one type of structure in the overall organization

38
Q

Tasks

A

activities that people do regularly as part of their job

39
Q

Job

A

a group of tasks and responsibilities related to accomplishing organizational objectives

40
Q

Environment Uncertainty

A

a situation in which market conditions are changing rapidly or are unclear

41
Q

Job Analysis

A

the systematic process of gathering and analyzing information about jobs and the knowledge, skills, and competencies needed to perform these jobs

42
Q

Job Description

A

a written document that lists the major tasks and responsibilities of a particular job

43
Q

Job Specification

A

a written document that lists all of the necessary knowledge, skills, and abilities that a person must possess in order to perform a particular job

44
Q

Benchmark Job

A

a job that is representative of other jobs that are similar in nature

Human Resources (8 decks)

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