Chapter 9

Question 0

Restriction Enzymes

Answer 0

Enzymes that cut DNA into specific pieces

Ex. Bam H1 and EcoR1

Question 1

Biotechnology

Answer 1

Use of microbiology and biochemistry to produce useful products to and solve problems

Question 2

Gel Electrophoresis

Answer 2

Separation of DNA fragments by size using electric current and gel

Question 3

What is added to Gel electrophoresis to aid in viewing fragments

Answer 3

Ethidium Bromine (blue)

Question 4

Why does DNA separate into fragments in gelelectrophoresis

Answer 4

DNA is negatively charged and will want to travel to the + end of the gel

Question 5

Agarose

Answer 5

Gel separator used to separate mRNA and DNA

Question 6

Name of the protein separator gel

Answer 6

polyacrylamide

Question 7

Gel electrophoresis is a form of

Answer 7

DNA fingerprinting

• compare with known samples to id bacteria
• also used in crime labs

Question 8

PCR

Answer 8

Polymerase Chain Reaction

- Creates multiple copies of a specific DNA sequence

Question 9

2 main goals of PCR testing

Answer 9

1. make bigger sample

2. diagnostics

Question 10

PCR process

Answer 10

1. Denaturization
2. Annealing
3. Extension

Question 11

Denaturation

Answer 11

helicase
HEAT
split DNA

Question 12

Annealing

Answer 12

Primase

Question 13

Extension

Answer 13

DNA polymerase

Taq (heat stable)

Question 14

Recombinant DNA

Answer 14

• specific DNA fragment put into different organisms
• plasmids are often carriers
• Examples: Human insulin, Vaccines, Rennin, BST, restriction enzymes

Question 15

Transgenic organisms

Answer 15

Plant or animal (eukaryote) cell with recombinant DNA

“genetically modified organisms”

Question 16

examples of transgenic organisms

Answer 16

1. pest resistant plants - Bt toxin from Bacillus thuringiensis
2. Golden rice - Genes from daffodil transferred to rice using bacteria, rice produces extra vitamin A

Question 17

where are transgenic organisms found

Answer 17

agrobacterium “Ti”

studying disease found plasmid

Question 18

Gene Therapy

Answer 18

• use of recombinant DNA to treat a genetic disease
• Healthy gene placed in virus
• Virus added to patient transfers the new DNA to the patient

Question 19

DNA probes

Answer 19

• label applied to a specific DNA region
• colony blotting
• fluorescence

Question 20

DNA sequencing

Answer 20

• Human Genome project

- Human microbiome project