chapter 9 Flashcards
young-old
65-74
middle-old
75-84
old-old
85+
aged
state of being old
aging
change occur normally as one grows older
gerontology
study of biological/social process of aging an the elderly
geriatrics
branch of medicine concerned with medical problems/care for elderly
geriatrician
physician caring for patient with chronic diseases that can’t be cured but managed
what is the fastest growing segment?
85+ (old-old)
dependency ratio
economically unproductive to economically productive
- traditionally defined by age
- can be used for policy decision making
older women are how many more times more likely to be widowed?
3 times
which gender is more likely to live alone?
women
the percentage of white americans will…
decline!
which state has the greatest number of older adults and which state has the greatest proportion?
CA - greatest number
FL - greatest proportion
what are the demographic variables?
- martial status
- living arrangements
- racial and ethnic composition
- geographic distribution
- economic status
- education
- housing
what is the percentage of older people married seperated by gender?
3/4 of older men are married
1/2 of older women are married
assisted living
living mostly independent with some assistance
what are the reasons for states’ “aging”?
- inward migration (FL)
- young people leave (farm belt states)
what are major sources of income?
- social security
- income from assets (rental house)
- private pensions
- govenment employee pensions
- earnings
which group is the most educated cohort?
baby boomers
how do older adult homes tend to be compared to homes of their younger counterparts?
- older
- of lower value
- in great need of repaires
for most older adults, what does housing represent?
an asset
what are the top causes of death for older adults?
- heart disease
- cancer
- chronic lower respiratory disease
- stroke
- alzheimer’s disease
chronic conditions are..
a substantial burden on health and economic status of individuals, families, and nation
what may impairments for older adults be?
- sensory
- physical
- memory
- hearing, vision, posture, loss of feeling in feet
- variables; income level, occupational exposore
- devices; glasses, hearing aides, dental not covered by Medicare
what are some physical limitations?
- walking 2-3 blocks
- writing
- stooping or kneeling
- lift 10 pounds
- stand on feet for 2 hours
- sitting for 2 hours
- grasp small objects
- walking up 10 steps without stopping
impairments
deficit in functioning of the senses or limitations in ROM (range in motion)
what are older adults less likely to do compared to their younger counterparts?
- less likely to consume large amounts of alcohol, smoke, and be overweight
what areas do older adults need to improve in?
- physicial activity
- immunizations
how can older adults improve their nutrition?
- reduce sodium
- reduce calories
- increase vegetable consumption
- increase water consumption
how is obesity with older adults?
- number of obese adults has increased
- only 26% of older adults are in healthy reigns.
the number of older adult cigarette smokers has ..
decreased!
what is a reporting system?
adult protective services
what is one example of elder abuse?
financial abuse (manipulating for money)
what are special problems for older adults?
- dementia and cognitive impairment
- past experience with domestic violence
- fratility
- social isolation
what are the instrumental needs of older adults?
- income
- housing
- healthcare
- personal care
- transportation
- community facilities and services
what is the older americans act of 1965?
- designed to increase services and protect rights of older adults
- national nutrition prgram
- state departments on aging and area agencies on aging
- other programs
what are some of the services offered to older adults?
- meal service (meals on wheels)
- homemaker service
- chore and home maintenance
- visitor service
- adult day care
- respite care
- home health care
- senior centers
independent living vs assisted living vs nursing homes?
- independent allows older adults to live independently with little to no assistance
- assisted living offers housing options for individuals who need a wide range of support services to help with ADLs
- nursing homes are for older adults that can no longer live on their own, and need 24 hour care/supervision
ADLs vs IADLs
ADLs - bathing, eating, dressing, walking, etc.
(measure functional limitations)
IADLs - preparing meals, managing finances, shopping, taking medications
(measure complex tasks)
why is there a higher number of older married men than women?
- men have a shorter life expectancy
- marry women younger than themselves
- more likely to remarry than women
what are some signs visible to the average person that the U.S. population is aging?
- number of grey heads incrasing
- more senior centers and assisted facilties
- increasing number of families are multigenerational
how do the income needs of people change later in life?
- dont purchase job-related items
- no more commuting
- children are grown
- home mortgage paid
- no union dues?
what are areas agencies on aging?
- these systems inform and guide older people to available, apropiate, and acceptable sevices to meet thier needs.
