CHAPTER 9 Flashcards
Purpose of joint
attachment point for muscles
Four joint categories
-bony joint
-fibrous joint
-cartilaginous joint
-synovial joint-most common
Bony joint
-immobile
-forms when bones ossifies (when older)
fibrous joints and three types
-bound by collagen fibers emerging from one bone into another
-types: sutures (sagittal), gomphoses (tooth socket), syndesmosis (radioulnar)
Serrate, lap and, plane suture example locations
S- sagittal
L-temporal
P- mouth palate
Cartilaginous joint
-linked by cartilage
-synchondroses (hyaline-first rib), symphysis (fibrocart-pubic symphysis)
whats a synovial joint
-two bones separated by joint cavity (space between)
-high mobility
articular cartilage, joint cavity, synovial fluid, joint capsule , articular disc (think knee)
AC: hyaline cartilage on ends of each bone
Joint cavity: space between two bones
SF: lubricant in joint cavity
JC: tissues that hold cavity and retains fluid
AD: pad between bones
meniscus
-absorb shock
-stabilizes tp prevent dislocation
whats a bursa, how many in knee
synovial filled sac located between muscles
-13
synovial joint classifications and examples (song)
Condylar: one bone fitting in other ex fingers
saddle: saddle shapped ex thumb
plane: sliding, carpal bones
ball-socket: head fit in socket, shoulder
pivot: spins/rotates radioulnar
hinge: one bone into another, knee
Tibiofemoral
most complex freely moved joint of body
-slight rotation and lateral gliding
patellofemoral joint
gliding joint
how to stabilize knee
-quad tendon in front
-tendon of semimembranosus
-lat and medial meniscus (absorb shock and prevent side to side rocking)
how to lock and unlock knee
ACL locks
popliteal contracts to unlock
Joint disorders
sprain- stretch or tear of ligament
strain- stretched or partially torn muscle
dislocation: displacement of bone from joint
subluxation: incomplete dislocation
bursitis: inflammation on bursa (bunion)
adhesions: fibrous bands between bone surfaces
spurs: excess bone tissue along joint edges
Gout(arthritis): build up of uric acid (high diet- meat, fish)
shoulder dislocation
displacement of humerus
Joint disease- types
arthritis- pain and inflammation on joints, most common cripple disease
osteoarthritis- most common, wear and tear on joints over the years, cartilage softens, crackling sounds, bone spurs on bones causes pain
rheumatoid- autoimmune attack on joints and degrade cartilage, can be gene caused,
ankylosis
bones fusing together
what can form if you have osteo and rheumatoid arthritis?
gout artritis
