Chapter 9 Flashcards
What was the Spanish Inquisition?
A court established in 1478 and directed originally against converts from Judaism and Islam but later also against Protestants. It operated into the early 19th century.
What was the code of Chivalry?
The rules and customs of medieval knights.
When and how did the Muslims conquer Spain?
About 711 they came to Spain, and Tariq ibn-Ziyad crossed the Strait of Gibraltar and landed in Spain.
How were Islamic values reflected in Spain during the time of Muslim rule?
- They created Mosques and many converted to Islam.
- Learning was very valued in Islamic society so Spain became a hot spot for the most prestigious learners and educators.
Seville, Granada, and more became centres of learning. - The art, music , and architecture was improved. Islam also discourages people from seeing animals and realistic things because they encourage idolatry.
Who wrote books about ancient Greek thinkers?
Ibn Rushd.
What was “La geographía manda”?
Geography controls everything.
Under the rule of the Muslim, people who were not Islam had to…
Pay a special tax.
How were non-religious people treated?
With respect, as Allah granted them protection.
What happened on Columbus’ second mission?
Columbus went to Hispangola, wrote a letter to the monarchs that told them that silver, gold and resources were plentiful here. It really wasn’t, and he lied. There was a lot of gold in the new world, but not where he had originally said.
How did the geography of Italy and Spain dictate which
direction would interest them the most.
The north would interest them the most because it was an unexplored part of the world at the time.
What is the Spanish Reconquista? What events occurred on the following dates?
1085 -
1142 –
1248 –
1469 –
1492 –
1085 - Christian forces capture Toledo
1142 – lisbon taken by Christians
1248 – Seville falls to the Christians
1469 – Marriage of Ferdinand the II and isabella
1492 – Capture of Granada
What was the new way of fighting that the Spanish developed during the Reconquista?
Numerous soldiers were grouped together, all wielding the same weapon, into a tight formation, which made it difficult for opponents to make it past.
Years: 1085 - 1492
Event: The Reconquista
- Who was involved?
- What happened?
- Why did it happen?
- How did it happen?
- Who: Muslim rulers and the Christian kingdoms in Spain
- What: Christian kingdoms fought the Muslim rulers to take back the Iberian peninsula
- Why: The Christians wanted to expand their power and influence. They also wanted Spain to be Christian
- How: The Spanish developed a new way of fighting.
Years: 1492 - 1834
Event: The Spanish Inquisition
- Who was involved?
- What happened?
- Why did it happen?
- How did it happen?
- Who: King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella
- What: Put all other religious ideas other than Catholicism on trial.
- Why: They wanted Spain to be Christian.
- How: All other religions were given a choice. Convert or be exiled.
Years: 1492, 1493
Event: The voyages of Christopher Columbus
- Who was involved?
- What happened?
- Why did it happen?
- How did it happen?
- Who: Christopher Columbus, Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand.
- What: Missions led by Columbus to claim land to collect gold.
- Why: To get more gold and glory.
- How: Sent Columbus out on missions to collect land and gold for them.
Years: 1494
Events: The Treaty of Tordesillas
- Who was involved?
- What happened?
- Why did it happen?
- How did it happen?
- Who: Spanish and Portuguese leaders
- What: Split the world in half, one half for the Spanish, the other for the Portuguese.
- Why: To ensure that the land Columbus discovered was settled peacefully and without conflict.
- How: An agreement between Spanish and Portuguese leaders.
What did Ferdinand and Isabella do to unite Spain under one religion after the
Reconquista? What were the details of this process and what choice were people given?
There was a court that put non-Christians on trial. And if they were found to be guilty, they would be given the choice of converting or being exiled.
Explain what happened to the Jews during the Spanish Inquisition.
Confiscated property and forced them to either convert or leave. Were forced to keep their gold and silver there when they were exiled. Certain jobs were closed off and they were forced to live in one specific part.. If they fake converted then they live in fear.
What were the negative effects of the expulsion of the Muslims and Jews from Spain?
Their economy went down, because the people that helped to support it are leaving and taking their experience with them.
Why did Ferdinand and Isabella change their mind about sending Columbus across the
Atlantic Ocean?
They came to believe that they had a religious duty to convert as many people to their religion as possible; plus they were running out of gold.
Who were the missionaries and what did they have the authority to do?
Missionaries were commonly sent out to convert other people to their religion.
Why was war so expensive for the Spanish? What happened as a result?
Had to build hospitals and pay for weapons, armour, and other defensive and offensive systems. Their pockets were practically empty.
What happened to many nobles in Spain by the end of the Reconquista? How did they
support themselves?
There was very little farmland to support them all, and they found jobs in business or commerce. Others just moved to America because they couldn’t fathom tilling fields or shoemaking.
