Chapter 10 Flashcards
What is a Conquistador?
A conqueror, specifically a Spanish one from Mexico and Peru.
What is a cause?
The action that made an event happen.
What is the effect?
The aftermath of a cause; the result.
What is a halberd?
A triple tipped blade with the edges of a spear, and axe, and a hook.
What is an Atlatl?
An atlatl is an invention that is similar to crossbow in the sense that it is used to throw a small spear at a greater velocity and distance than an arm is able.
What is a musket?
A type of gun, one shot weapon that needs to be reloaded after every shot.
What is the difference between epidemic and pandemic?
An epidemic is a disease in a certain area, and a pandemic is world-wide.
What is an intermediary?
A person who acts as a link between people in order to try to bring about an agreement or reconciliation; a mediator.
What is Nahuatl?
The language the Aztecs spoke.
When the Governor of Hispaniola gave Cortes a large amount of farmland, what did Cortes say/what was his reaction?
he was no grateful in the slightest, and even said, and I quote; ‘I came here for gold, not to till the land like a peasant.’
Initially, Velazquez agreed to send Cortes and his men on an expedition to Yucatan, but right as they were about to depart, He changed his mind. Why?
He was afraid that Cortes would take all the glory for his discoveries, and not share any with Velazquez.
When Cortes arrived in Yucatan, he created a town. What did he do in this town, and why?
he sent one ship back to Cuba with all the treasures and gold that he had found, and then destroyed the other nine so that anyone who was not loyal to Cortes would not be able to go back to Cuba.
The Spanish military had various advantages over the Aztecs. How was Cortes able to use
horses to their advantage?
Their speed and power were unrivalled by the Aztecs on foot. They also were very talented riders, and could hold on the reins while wielding another weapon.
What happened when Cortes met the Totonacs?
Invited Cortes to zempoala and complained about the tributes the Aztecs collected. Cortes agreed to grant them protection so long as he received warriors.
What happened when Cortes met the Tlaxcalans?
Fought the Spanish, but the Spanish soldiers held them off and offered to make peace. When the Tlaxcalans accepted, the Spanish gained 1000 warriors.
What happened when Cortes met the Cholulans?
Loyal allies of the Aztecs. Malinche overheard them speaking about an ambush on Cortes, and told Cortes. He then conquered the Cholulan people.
What did Moctezuma do when posed in a crisis situation?
He waited for them to come to him. He thought about what to do; because he was scared. They rode large horses they had never seen and bore guns.
What happened to Moctezuma?
Cortes told him to go out to the people and calm everyone down, for they were angry. And the Aztecs threw rocks at him. He died of his injuries.
What percent of the Aztec Empire was killed off by smallpox?
25%
Cortes was inspired by who?
Christopher Columbus
What weapon uses leverage to achieve a greater effect?
Atlatl.
Where did Cortes sail to after leaving Cuba? (1st time)
Yucatan Peninsula.
How did Cortes manage to control Moctezuma?
Placed him on house arrest.
What did Cortes do to ensure that his acquired soldiers would not defect?
Sunk ten of his ships ensuring that there was no way back
What was Cortes’s goal as to when he came to the New World?
To acquire gold
To avoid having to answer to _______, Cortes established a coastal town known as ___________ soon after he landed on the coast of Mexico.
Velazquez, La Villa Rica de la Veracruz
What indigenous group did Malinche come from? (where was she a slave)
The Tabascans
Which group of Indigenous peoples planned an ambush on Cortes and his conquistadors?
The Cholulans
What year was the conquest of Tenochtitlan?
1521
What allowed the Spanish to have an advantage and eventually conquer the Aztec empire?
- Malinche
- Horses
- Disease
- Superior weapons
