Chapter 9

Question 1

Why is intelligence hard to define?

Answer 1

Different researchers view it differently
Some believe it is a single ability and others think that intelligence has a wide range of abilities

Question 2

Galton’s sensory capacity

Answer 2

Individual differences in performance on relatively simple sensory capacities, and then test the speed of reaction to a stimulus

Question 3

Abstract thinking

Answer 3

The ability to understand concepts that are real, but aren’t directly tied to concrete physical objects

Question 4

Spearman’s general vs specific intelligence

Answer 4

Specific: describes intelligence as the proficiency or aptitude in subsets of skills, and abilities
General: concerned with one’s general cognitive ability to process and think about information

Question 5

Spearman’s fluid versus crystallized intelligence

Answer 5

Fluid: one’s ability to process, new information, learn, and solve problems
Crystallized : ones stored knowledge accumulated over the years

Question 6

Sternberg’s triarchic model

Answer 6

Practical, creative, analytical

Question 7

Practical intelligence

Answer 7

The ability to get along in different contexts

Question 8

Creative intelligence

Answer 8

The ability to come up with new ideas

Question 9

Analytical intelligence

Answer 9

The ability to evaluate information and solve problems

Question 10

Original purposes of IQ testing

Answer 10

Design for children, who are struggling in school to determine which ones needed individual attention

Question 11

Who developed the first IQ test?

Answer 11

Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon

Question 12

Stearns formula for calculating IQ

Answer 12

IQ equals cognitive age divided by chronological age times 100

Question 13

Deviation IQ

Answer 13

Way of measuring an individuals generalized intelligence

Question 14

The WAIS

Answer 14

Measures the cognitive ability in several areas, such as vocabulary, comprehension, arithmetic, and reasoning skills

Question 15

Miss uses of IQ testing

Answer 15

Sterilization of people with very low IQs
IQ test can be biased against some ethnicities

Question 16

Bell curve

Answer 16

Groff depicting the normal distribution, which has a shape reminiscent of a bell

Question 17

Aptitude test

Answer 17

Test designed to determine a persons ability in a particular field or skill of knowledge

Question 18

Achievement test

Answer 18

Any measurement process, whose purpose is to estimate and examinees degree of attainment of specific knowledge

Question 19

Family studies

Answer 19

Systematically explores the ways in which individuals, influenced by families, communities, cultures, institutions, and societies, and by ideas,’s norms,’s and values

Question 20

Twin studies

Answer 20

Studies conducted on identical or fraternal twins

Question 21

Growth mindset

Answer 21

People who believe that their success depends on the time and effort they put in

Question 22

The Flynn effect

Answer 22

Substantial and long is the stand increase in both fluid and crystallized intelligence test scores that were measured in many parts of the world

Question 23

Creativity in intelligence

Answer 23

Marked by inventing, or imagining a solution

Question 24

Divergent thinking

Answer 24

The process of creating multiple, unique ideas or solutions to the problem that one is trying to solve

Question 25

Convergent thinking

Answer 25

Mental processes that humans used to think, learn, remember, reason, pay attention, and comprehend information and turn it into knowledge

Question 26

Emotional intelligence

Answer 26

The ability to manage both your own emotions and understand the emotions of the people around you

Question 27

Curiosity

Answer 27

The strong desire to learn something

Question 28

Grits

Answer 28

Perseverance and passion for long-term goals

Question 29

Wisdom

Answer 29

Quality of having experience, knowledge, or good judgement