Chapter 15 Flashcards
Criteria for abnormality
Deviance, distress, dysfunction, danger
Statistical rarity
Someone who is considered a typical in someway
Can be positive or negative
Impairment
Any type of abnormality of psychological, physiological, or anatomical structure, or function
Biological disfunction
Disturbances in a persons, thinking, emotional regulation, or behaviour that reflects significant disfunction in a biological developmental process
DSM 5
The diagnostic and statistical manual for mental illness
Reference book on mental health and brain related conditions
Prevalence
How common is specific disorder is for a given time.
Comorbidity
More than one mental disorder, exists along side, a primary diagnosis, or the reason that the patient is referred in the first place
Categorical
Assumes each personality disorder is a separate and distinct category
Dimensional
Views, various personality features a long several continuous dimensions
GAD
Generalized anxiety disorder
Continual feeling of worry, anxiety, physical attention, and irritability across many areas of life functioning
Panic disorder
Repeated an unexpected panic attacks along with either persistent concerns about future attacks or a change in personal behavior, to attempt to avoid them
Panic attack
Breeze, intense episode of extreme fear, characterized by sweating, dizziness, lightheadedness, racing heartbeat, and feeling of impending death or going crazy.
Phobias
Intense fear of an object or situation that’s greatly out of proportion to its actual threat
Agoraphobia
Fear of being in a place or situation, from which escape is difficult or embarrassing, or which help is unavailable from the event of a panic attack
PTSD
Marked emotional disturbance after experiencing or witnessing a severely stressful event
OCD
Condition, marked by the repeated and lengthy immersion in a obsessions compulsion or both
Obsessions
Persistent idea, thought, or impulse that has unwanted and inappropriate causing marked distress
Compulsions
Repetitive behaviour and mental act performed to reduce or prevent stress
Major depressive disorder
Mood disorder that causes persistent feelings of sadness and loss of interest, and can interfere with daily life
Weight loss and sleep difficulties
Bipolar 1
Presence of one or more manic episodes
Bipolar two
Similar to bipolar one
Mood cycled between highs and lows overtimes
The lows are less traumatic and called hypomanic episodes
Learned helplessness
Tendency to feel helpless in the face of events we can’t control
Depressive episode
State in which a person experiences, a lingering depressed mood or diminished interest in pleasurable activities, along with symptoms that include weight loss and sleep difficulties
Manic episode
Marked by inflated self-esteem, greatly decreased need for sleep, much more talkative than usual, racing thoughts, distractibility, increased activity, increased agitation, excessive involvement in pleasurable activities that can cause problems
Hypomanic episode
Less intense and disruptive version of a manic episode
Feeling of elation, grouchiness, irritability, distractibility, and talkativeness
Mood episode
Intense emotional states that typically occur during the stink periods of days to weeks
Borderline personality disorder
Condition marked by extreme instability in the mood, identity, an impulse control
Psycho, pathic personality
Condition, marked by superficial charms, desteny, manipulative, ness, self-centeredness, and risk-taking
Dissociative disorder
Condition involving the disruption in consciousness, memory, identity, or perception
Dissociative amnesia
Inability to recall, important personal information
Usually related to a stressful experience
Dissociative Fuge
Sudden, unexpected, travel away from home, are the workplace, accompanied by amnesia for significant life events
Dissociative identity disorder
Condition, characterized by the presence of two or more distinct personality States that recurrently take control of the persons behavior.
Post traumatic model for DID
Considered early life trauma to be the distinct cause of the creation of ultra identities, and assumes that working directly with alter identities should be the core of therapeutic work
Socio cognitive model for DID
Believe that the ID is created by therapist using techniques to recover memories on suggestible individuals
Schizophrenia
Severe disorder of thought, an emotion associated with a loss of contact with reality
Delusions
Strongly held fixed belief that has no basis in reality
Hallucinations
Sensory perception that occurs in the absence of an external stimulus
Catatonic symptoms of schizophrenia
Motor problem, including extreme resistance to complying with simple suggestions, holding the body in a bizarre , or rigid posture, curling up in a fetal position
Positive symptoms of schizophrenia
Hallucinations, delusions, repetitive movements that are hard to control
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia
Reduction in quality of words, spoken, reduced goal-directed activity, due to decreased motivation, reduced experience, a pleasure
Enlarged ventricles
The ventricles of patients with schizophrenia, or approximately 130% the size of a normal controls
Diathesis stress model
Proposes that stress, through its affects on cortisol production acts upon a pre-existing vulnerability to trigger or worse than the symptoms of schizophrenia
ADHD
Childhood condition marked by excessive in attention, impulsivity, and activity
Symptoms of ADHD
Unable to sit, still, fidgeting, unable to concentrate, excessive movement, acting without thinking, interrupting conversation
Symptoms of autism
Issues with social interaction and restricted behaviours and interests
How different ways of learning, moving, and paying attention
