Chapter 9 Flashcards
What is z score
A standardized score that indicates the location of a score within the population distribution
What is a standardized score
Z score
X
The score that we want to transform
U
The population mean
a
Population standard deviation
What is a normal distribution
A symmetrical distribution in which the percentage of the score in each Pershke portion of the distribution is known
When it is also a special type of symmetrical distribution
Normal distribution
What is unit normal table
A table of the proportion of scores in a normal distribution form many different Z score of values
When that contains the proportion of scores from different sections of the normal distribution from many Z score values
Unit normal table
What is standard error
The estimate of sampling error that is determined from the standard deviation of the distribution of the sample means
When we can calculate the standard deviation of the distribution of sample means
Standard error
What is central limit theorem
The mathematical description of the shape of the Distribution of sample means that states that for a population with mean and standard deviation the distribution of sample means for sample size will have a mean equal to a standard deviation equal to the standard error and the shape of approaching a normal distribution as in becomes very large
When is a mathematical description of the shape of the distribution of sample means that will allow us to determine if the distribution of sample means is normal shape
Central limit theorem
Five steps of hypothesis testing process
One state hypothesis
Two set a decision criterion
Three collect sample data
Four calculate statistics
Five make a decision
What is scientific or alternative hypothesis
The hypothesis that in effect or relationship exist in the population
When a researcher made it a hypothesis that is in effect of the independent or subject variable exist
A scientific or alternative hypothesis
What is null hypothesis
The hypothesis that an effect or relationship does not exist in the population
We must consider a second hypothesis in our test is the opposite hypothesis to the scientific or alternative hypothesis
Null hypothesis
What is two tailed hypothesis
Both directions of an effect or relationships are considered in the alternative hypothesis of the test
When we are considering both possible directions of the difference between means in the hypothesis
Two tailed hypothesis
What is a one tailed hypothesis
Only One Direction of an affect our relationship is predicted in the alternative hypothesis of the test
What is alpha level
The probability level used by researchers to indicate the cut off probability level allow them to reject the Null hypothesis
 The decision criterion value marks off a portion of the distribution that represents the most extreme
The alpha level
What is critical region
The most extreme portion of the distribution of a statistical value for the null hypothesis determined by the decision criterion
When is it the part where we look at to see if we can reject the no hypothesis
Critical region
What is type I error
And air made in a hypothesis test when the researcher reject the null hypothesis when it is actually true
What is called _______ ______ _____ Indicates that the researcher has rejected the null hypothesis when it is really true
Type I error
What is type II error
An error made in the hypothesis when the researcher fails to reject the null hypothesis when it is actually false
When can be made when the null hypothesis not rejected but its actually false
Type II error
What is power
The ability of a hypothesis test to detect an effect or relationship when one exist
What do you increase your hypothesis test to detect an effect on relationships that actually exist
power
What does significant test mean
P value is less than or equal to the alpha level in an inferential test and null hypothesis this can be rejected
 Standard error
Population standard deviation divided by the square root of the sample size
One sample Z test
Sample means minus the population mean divided by the standard error 
