Chapter 10 Flashcards
An estimate of sampling error that is determined from the standard deviation of the distribution of the sample means using the sample standard deviation to represent the population standard deviation.
Estimated standard error
Cases where we cannot use the Z test, statistic, T distributions and statistic Z distributions, using T as in inferential statistic
The T distribution
Predicting the population of psychics, conducting a one tail test, stating the null hypothesis, step one state hypothesis
One sample t-test
Step two: set decision criterion, setting the alpha, significance of 0.05, alpha level. critical range
One sample t-test
Step three: collecting sample data, collecting sample data, sample in the ESP study
One sample t-test
Step 4: calculate statistics, calculating estimated standard error and sample t
One sample t-test
Step five: make a decision, comparing sample T score with te it value, neither support for alternative hypothesis, nor provide evidence for null hypothesis, conclusion of the ESP test
One sample t-test
Normal distribution and independent observation
One sample t-test assumptions
Pretest posttest design, match design, related or paired sample t-test
Samples with related or pair data
Step one: state hypothesis, examples of alternative and null hypothesis, comparing sample mean from different scores 20, positive and negative difference scores
related or paired sample t-test
Step two: set the decision criterion, setting the alpha, criterion region
Related or paired sample t-test
Step three: collecting sample data, collecting the sample data, different scores
Related or paired sample t-test
Step 4: calculate statistics, calculating sample means, and sample deviation, calculating estimated standard error, finding the tcrit value
Related or paired sample t-test
Step five: make a decision, rejecting the null hypothesis, need for further testing
Related or paired sample T test
Normal distribution and independent score
Paired sample, t-test assumptions
Two Samples to compare, calculations in an independent test, rejecting, or retaining the hypothesis
Independent samples
Estimating sampling error for two samples, sampling error, and pooled variance
Independent samples
Step one: state hypothesis, stating that alternative hypothesis, and stating the null hypothesis
Independent sample t-test
Step two: set decision criterion, setting the alpha, critical region
Independent sample t-test
Step three: collect sample data, example of samples with different, mean accuracy score and variance
Independence sample t-test
Step 4: calculate statistics, Calculating descriptive and inferential statistics, calculating pooled variance, calculating estimated standard error, and calculating sample T scores
Independent sample t-test
Step5 : make a decision, comparing sample t scores with tcrit value, conclusion of the test
Independence sample t-test
Normal distributions and independent scores and homogeneity of variance
Independent sample t-test assumptions
When we do not know the population mean, we use the ______________ to calculate, estimated standard error.
Sample standard deviation
With a sample size of 25° of freedom would be ____________
24
In the calculations of a T score the estimate standard error is an estimate of___________
The population standard deviation
When we calculate an inferential, statistics, looking at me and differences, the numerator is the_________ and the denominator is the__________
Actual mean difference
Main difference expected by chance do to sampling
For a sample of 36 participants in a standard deviation of 3, the estimated standard error would be ______
3.0
The shape of the t distribution will be normal whenever the population is normal
False
In Assumption of the T test is that the scores must be independent observed.
True
The T table provides the P value for each T score to allow the researchers to compare p with a
True
In the related or paired sample t-test, the difference scores typically predicted by the null hypothesis
Equal 0
For a sample size______, we do not need to be worried about violating the assumption of a normal distribution for the population
31 or higher
The dependent variable for a width in subject design is
Different scores of cross conditions
A match design might involve
Couples or twins
The estimated standard error in a related or paired sample t-test is based on the standard deviation of the different scores
True
The df for a match paired design is based on the true number of participants instead of the number of paired
True
In assumption of the related or paired sample t-test, is that all scores across conditions are independent
False
The pooled variance is _____
The combine variance for two independent samples
The variance of a sample depends on the______ and _____
The sum of squares from samples
The sample degrees of freedom
With an independent sample t-test, a researcher can draw conclusions about _______
Comparison of two population means
The homogeneity of variance assumptions state that the variance in the two sample must be equal
False
A between subject study with the results showing no significant mean difference between condition, support the null hypothesis that no differences between the population in the sample represent.
False
Like other T test, the independent samples t-test assumes that the scores between participants are independent
True
The statistic _____ difference slightly from the statistics Z distribution
T-distribution
The larger, the______ the closer, the tea is to the value of Z
Sample size
The critical regions associated with our________ will change with the degree of freedoms
a level
The default test in SPSS is an _____ test
Two tailed
The one tailed test has an ____ that is half the____ for the two tailed test.
P value; P value
There are two——— that a researcher must know to be true in order to use a T test
Assumptions
_______ means that the scores cannot be related in same systematic ways to each other
Independent observations
In_____ design, participants are paired across the treatment conditions on some variables of interest
Matched
A study is considered a____ design, because all the participants will complete the same task in two different environments
Within subject
