Chapter 8

Question 1

What does it mean to manipulate an independent variable?

Answer 1

A manipulation of an independent variable involves researchers control of the administration of the levels of the independent variables to the participants

Question 2

What could not be an independent variable

Answer 2

Participants gender personality smoking status cannot be independent variables because these characteristics are not randomly assigned to participant by the researcher

Question 3

What is a manipulation of the independent variable

Answer 3

Experiment allows the researcher to learn about the casual relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable

Question 4

What is order effect

Answer 4

Occur when the order in which the participants experience conditions in an experiment affects the results of the study

Question 5

When random assignment is important for with in subject variable in terms of the order in which participants receive the levels of variables to control for possible

Answer 5

Order effects

Question 6

What is a between subjects manipulation

Answer 6

Randomly assign participants to different group controls for individual difference across the groups that might affect the data

Question 7

What is matched design

Answer 7

 A between subjects experiment that involve sets of participants matched on a specific characteristic with each member of the stat randomly assigned to a different level of independent variable

Question 8

When participants are matched on a characteristic that may contribute to a group difference but then each participant with any matched it is randomly assigned to different groups making this a between subjects experiment

Answer 8

matched design

Question 9

What is within subject experiments

Answer 9

The order in which the participants receive the different levels of independent variable

Question 10

What is Latin square

Answer 10

Partial counterbalancing technique where the number of order of the conditions used in each to the number of conditions in the study

Question 11

When the number of order used in the experiment is equal to the number of conditions in the design and each condition is in each ordinal position

Answer 11

Latin square

Question 12

What is cognitive example

Answer 12

The study of basic processing of information from the world around them the study of memory,perception, language process and decision making

Question 13

What is biological example

Answer 13

Investigates the roles of biological factors in behavior to determine casual relationship between biological and behavior

Question 14

What is social example

Answer 14

Examine effects of social factors on different types of behaviors,