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Research And Stats > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Relying on common sense, as a means of knowing about the world

A

Intuition

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2
Q

Using logical reasoning, and current knowledge, as a means of knowing about the world

A

Deduction

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3
Q

Relying on a knowledgeable person or group, as a means of knowing about the world

A

Authority

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4
Q

Relying on what one observes as a means of knowing about the world

A

Observation

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5
Q

The accuracy of the results of a study

A

Validity

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6
Q

A group of individuals to learn about

A

Population

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7
Q

A group of individuals chosen from the population 

A

Sample

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8
Q

Different between population mean and sample means

A

Sampling error

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9
Q

How a behavior is defined in a research study to allow for its measurement

A

Operational definition

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10
Q

Help, researcher, summarize, or describe data

A

Descriptive statistics

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11
Q

A variable that is measured or observed from an individual

A

Dependent or response variable

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12
Q

A scale of data measurement that involves non-ordered categorical responses

A

Nominal scale

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13
Q

A scale of data measurement that involves ordered categorical responses

A

Ordinal scale

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14
Q

A scale of data measurement that involves numerical responses that are equally spaced, but the scores are not ratios of each other

A

Interval scale

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15
Q

A scale of data measurement that involves numerical responses in which scores are ratios in each other

A

Ratio scale

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16
Q

Surveys indirect measure behavior of interest, self report, nature of survey data can influence the validity of the data, social, desirability bias can reduce the validity of behavior measures, researchers can construct validity and reliability of survey and questionnaire.

A

Survey data

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17
Q

Biased created in surveys responses from respondent desire to be viewed more favorable by others, typically resulting in overeat, reporting, or positive behavior, and under reporting or negative behavior

A

Social desirability bias

18
Q

The degree to which survey is an accurate measure of interest

A

Construct validity

19
Q

The degree to which the results of the study can be replicated under similar conditions

A

Reliability

20
Q

More direct observation of behavior than self reported collected on surveys

A

Systematic and controlled measured

21
Q

Different characteristics of different distributions, depending on the variability of the score

A

Frequency distribution

22
Q

A set of scores, distributions are obtained from data that ranges over the entire scale

A

Distributions

23
Q

A graph or table of a distribution showing the frequency of the each core in the distribution, frequency, distribution graph scores are on X axis and its frequency is on the white axis

A

Frequency distribution

24
Q

Inferential statistics system, symmetrical distributions, and skewed distributions are all

A

Shapes of distributions

25
Q

Set of the statistical procedure is used by researchers to test hypothesis about population

A

Inferential is statistics

26
Q

Distribution of scores were its shape, shows a mirror image on either side of the middle score

A

Symmetrical distribution

27
Q

Distribution of scores word, shape, shows clustering of scores as low or high end of the scale

A

Skewed distribution

28
Q

Tail of infrequent scores at high end of scale

A

Positive skew

29
Q

Tail of distributions is on low end of the scale

A

Negative skew

30
Q

Program used by researchers for descriptive and inferential statistics in psychology

A

SPSS

31
Q

The difference between the highest and the lowest score in the distribution

A

Range

32
Q

The scientific method relies on which way of knowing information about the world

A

Observation

33
Q

If I can concerned about where the survey I am using in my study actually measures of behavior. I am interested in I am considering ______ of my study

A

Validity

34
Q

Providing responses on a survey to make yourself look better is called

A

Social desirability bias

35
Q

In a research study on navigation, participants were asked to judge the distance of a landmark in the environment from their current location. This dependent variable was measured on a __________ measurement scale.

A

Ratio

36
Q

In a research study, you are asked to indicate your college major on a survey this dependent variable was measured on______ measurement, scale

A

Nominal

37
Q

You are conducting a study that uses IQ tests. On this test, the participants score can average of 100. All other scores are evenly distributed above and below this average what type of distribution is it?

A

Symmetrical distribution

38
Q

_____ scales typically involve numerical scores, whereas_____ scales do not

A

Ratio

Nominal 

39
Q

Survey data are always accurate

A

False

40
Q

A frequency distribution graph can show you the shape of a distribution

A

True

41
Q

Systematic and controlled measures are more direct observation of behavior than the self reported collected on surveys

A

True

42
Q

Of the following choices, which are good operational, definitions of anxiety

A

Scores on in anxiety scale

Research And Stats (9 decks)

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