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Intro To Applied Forensics > Chapter 9 > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Flashcards

1
Q

The behavior of a substance without the altercation of the substance’s composition through a chemical reaction

A

Physical property

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2
Q

The behavior of a substance when it reacts or combines with another substance

A

Chemical property

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3
Q

All things of a substance; composed of atoms or molecules

A

Matter

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4
Q

A fundamental particle of matter; cannot he broken down into simpler substances by chemical means

A

Element

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5
Q

A chart of elements arranged in a systematic function; vertical rows are called groups or families, and horizontal rows are called series; elements in a given row have similar properties

A

Periodic table

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6
Q

A pure substance composed of two or more elements

A

Compound

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7
Q

A condition or stage in the form of matter; a solid, liquid, or gas

A

Physical state

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8
Q

A state of matter in which the molecules are held closely together in a rigid state

A

Solid

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9
Q

A state of matter in which molecules are in contact with one another but are not rigidly held in place

A

Liquid

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10
Q

A state of matter in which the attractive forces between molecules are small enough to permit them to move with complete freedom

A

Gas (vapor)

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11
Q

A physical change from the solid state directly into the gaseous phase

A

Sublimation

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12
Q

A uniform body of matter; different phases are separated by definite visible boundaries

A

Phase

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13
Q

A physical property of matter that is equivalent to the mass per unit volume of a substance

A

Density

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14
Q

A property that is not dependent on the size of an object

A

Intensive property

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15
Q

The temperature scale using the melting point of ice as 32 degrees and the boiling point of water as 212 degrees, with equal divisions or degrees between

A

Fahrenheit scale

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16
Q

The temperature scale using the melting point of ice as 0 degrees and the boiling point of water as 100 degrees, with 100 equal divisions or degrees between

A

Celsius scale

17
Q

A constant property of matter that reflects the amount of material present

A

Mass

18
Q

A property of matter that depends on both the mass of a substance and the effects of gravity on that mass

A

Weight

19
Q

The bending of a light wave as it passes from one medium to another

A

Refraction

20
Q

The ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to its speed in a given substance

A

Refractive index

21
Q

A solid in which the constituent atoms have a regular arrangement

A

Crystalline solid

22
Q

The smallest unit of an element, which is not divisible by ordinary chemical means; are made up of electrons, protons, and neutrons plus other subatomic particles

A

Atom

23
Q

A solid in which the constituent atoms or molecules are arranged in random or disordered positions; there is no regular order

A

Amorphous solid

24
Q

A phenomenon where most crystals refract a beam or light into two different light-ray components

A

Double refraction

25
Q

A difference in the two indices of refraction exhibited by most crystalline materials

A

Birefringence

26
Q

The separation of light into its component wavelengths

A

Dispersion

27
Q

Colored light ranging from red to violet in the electromagnetic spectrum

A

Visible light

28
Q

The distance between crests of adjacent waves

A

Wavelength

29
Q

The number of waves that pass a given point per second

A

Frequency

30
Q

The entire range of radiation energy from the most energetic cosmic rays to the least energetic radio waves

A

Electromagnetic spectrum

31
Q

A high-energy, short-wavelength form of electromagnetic radiation

A

X-ray

32
Q

An acronym for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation; light that has all its waves pulsating in union

A

Laser

33
Q

A small packet of electromagnetic radiation energy; contains a unit of energy equal to the product of Planck’s constant and the frequency of radiation

A

Photon

34
Q

Glass that is strengthened by introducing stress through rapid heating and cooling of the glass surfaces

A

Tempered glass

35
Q

Two sheets of ordinary glass bonded together with a layer of plastic

A

Laminated glass

36
Q

A bright halo that is observed near the border of a particle immersed in a liquid of a different refractive index

A

Becke line

37
Q

A crack in a glass that extends outward like the spoke of a wheel from the point at which the glass was struck

A

Radial fracture

38
Q

A crack in glass that forms a rough circle around the point of impact

A

Concentric fracture

Intro To Applied Forensics (12 decks)

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