Chapter 9 Flashcards
Behavioural measure
An operationalization of a variable that involves directly observing and precisley recording behaviour
Ceiling effect
The failure of a measure to detect difference because it was too easy and everyone does well
Demand characteristics
Cues embedded in a study that inform the participant how he or she is expected to behave
Double-blind procedure
An experiment in which neither the experiment nor the participants knows to which condition the participants has been assigned
Experimental realism
The Extent to which the experience in a study are experienced by participants as impactful and engaging
Experimental bias
Any intentional or unintentional influence that the experimental exerts on participants to confirm the hypothesis; also called experimenter expectancy effects.
Filler items
Items included in a questionnaire measure to help disguise the true purpose of the measure
Floor effect
The failure of a measure to detect a difference because it was too difficult
Manipulation check
A measure used to determine wether the manipulation of the independent variable has had its intented effect on a participant.
Manipulation strength
The degree to which levels of an independent variable differ from each other. In a weak manipulation, conditions are subtly different. In a strong manipulation, conditions are maximally different.
Mundane realism
The extent to which the experience in a study are experienced in a study resemble closely an experience of the very day life.
Physiological measure
An operationalization of a variable that involves observing and recording a response from the body.
Pilot study
A small-scale study with a small sample, conducted prior to conducting an actual study, designed to test and refine procedures.
Placebo group
A control group given the expectation of improvement through treatment, in order to control for the psychological effects of receiving a treatment.
Self-report measures
An operationalization of a variable that involves asking people to explicitly indicate something about themselves.
Sensitivity
The ability of a measure to detect difference or changes.
Single blind procedure
An experiment in which participants do not know to which conditions they have been assigned, but the experiment does.
Staged manipulation
Operationalization of an independent variable that involves creating a complex situation. Deception is often used to conceal the fact that the situation is a ruse.
Straightforward manipulation
Operationalization that involves manipulating the independent variable using instructions or other stimulus material in a simple and obvious way.
