Chapter 8.ApGov.Juanita Espinoza Flashcards
Administrative Adjudication
A quasi-judicial process in which a beaucratic agency settles disputes between two parties similar to the way the courts resolve disputes
An example of this can be when the government is discussing the issue of putting up the wall or enforcing higher border control.
Administrative Discretion
The ability of bureaucrats to make choices concerning the best way to implement congressional or executive intentions
Due to the fact Trump wants the wall despite there being rarely any terrorist attacks and still illegal immigration from Canada as well, the best administrative discretion would be a stricter border control
cabinet Departments
Major administrative units with responsibility for broad area of government operations. Department status usually indicates a permanent national interest in a particular governmental function, such as defense, commerce, or agriculture
Cabinet Departments are added when we, the citizens, need something to continue living a safe and thriving life.
Civil service system
The Merit system by which many federal bureaucrats are selected
An example of a civil service system would be applying to work in the US Postal Service
department of homeland security
Cabinet department created after the 9/11 terroists attacks to coordinate domestic security efforts
The Homeland Security department informs people of situations going on in different countries that we need to be cautious of when traveling there
federal bureaucracy
The thousands of federal government agencies and institutions that implement and administer federal laws and programs
The Federal Bureaucracy are those who, for example, set up the Great Society
federal register
The official journal of the US government, including all federal rules and public notes so that citizens and organizations can follow proposed changes and comply with rule changes
The federal register allows there to be a balance when a new proposal takes place.
GI (government issue) Bill
Federal legislation enacted in 1944 that provided college loans for returning veterans and reduced mortgage rates to enable them to buy homes
The GI Bill is essential for Veterans to earn money and make a living after serving their time for our country.
Government Corporation
Businesses established by congress to perform functions that private businesses could provide, such as Postal Services and AMTRAK. Often established when the financial incentives for private industry to provide services are minimal
In order to work for a government corporation, the person who is applying needs to ass a merit system.
Great Depression
A severe global economic downturn marked by ,ass unemployment and poverty that began in the United States in 1929 and persisted to some degree until the end of the 1930’s
The great depression was devastating in a sense that many people lost their homes thus implying many acts and propositions to assist citizens
Great Society
Reform begun in 1964 by president Lydon B. Johnson that was a broad attempt to combat poverty and discrimination through urban renewal, education reform, and unemployment relief
The Great Society was built up in response to the Great Depression
Hatch Act
1939 acts to prohibit civil servants from taking activist roles in partisan campaigns. This act prohibited federal employees from making political contributions, working for a particular party, or campaigning for a particular candidate
The Hatch Act generally applies to employees working in the executive branch of the federal government. The purpose of the Act is to maintain a federal workforce that is free from partisan political influence or coercion
Implementation
The process by which a law or policy is put into operation
Implementation is used when government officials are working on a law or proposition for the citizens
Independent executive agencies
Governmental units that closely resemble a cabinet department but have narrower areas of responsibility and perform services rather than regulatory functions
independent executive agencies include the CIA (Central Intelligence Agency), the NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) and the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency
independent regulatory commission
An entity created by congress outside a major executive department that regulates a specified interest or economic activity
An example of IRC is the Nuclear Regulatory Commission
interagency councils
Working groups created to facilitate coordination of policy making and implementation across a host of governmental agencies
In order to create the great society, inter-agencies are bundled up in order to discuss abut the proposal.
iron triangles
The relatively ironclad relationships and patterns of interaction that occur among agencies, interest groups and congressional committees or subcommittees
The Military-Industrial Complex is often considered an example of an Iron Triangle
issue networks
The loose and informal relationships that exists among a large number of factors who work in broad policy areas
max weber
German sociologist active in the late nineteenth centuries who articulated the hierarchal structure and near mechanical functioning of bureaucracies in the complex societies
Max Weber made a lot of contributions toward helping beauractratic policies we still use
merit system
A system of employment based on qualifications, test scores, and ability, rather that party loyalty
The merit system is also used when applying to universities
patronage
Jobs, grants or other special favors that are given as rewards to friends and political allies for their support
An example of patronage are given to veterans when they come back from war.
pendleton act
Reform measure that established the principle of federal employment on the basis of open, competitive exams and created the civil service commission
In order to get a job in the government the Pendleton act is enforced to get those who are elite compared to others.
policy coordinating committees
Committees created at a sub-cabinet level to facilitate interactions between agencies and departments to handle complex policy problems
PCCs are similar to Homeland Security and other government departments.
regulations
Rules governing the operation of all government programs that have force of law
A regulation would be when we vote for propositions during the midterms
rule-making
A quasi-legislative process resulting in regulations that have the characteristics of a legislative act
Currently the government is under the process of rule making in order to either have the wall or more border control
sixteenth admendment
Amendment of the US Constitution that authorized congress too enact a national income tax
The 16th amendment is the reason why taxes are enforced during a pay check or when you pay for something at a store.
spoils system
The firing of public office holders of a defeated political party to replace them with loyalists of the newly elected party
The spoils system was more enforced during the beginning of the 19th century round WWI
World War I
A global conflict that took pace from 1914-1918 across Europe and overseas territories. The United States military intervened fro 1917-1918
The reason to why the Us served WWI for a year is because they were rebuilding from the civil war that happened in 1867.
World War II
A global military conflict that took pace from 1939 to 1945 in Europe, Asia, and the Pacific Region. The United States was formally involved in the war from 1941-1945
The reason for the US joining WWI is when Pearl HArbor was bombed.
