Chapter 8.4-5 Vocab

Question 0

RNA

Answer 0

Nucleic acid that allows for the transmission of genetic information and protein synthesis

Question 1

Central dogma

Answer 1

Theory that states that, in cells, information only flows from DNA to RNA to proteins

Question 2

Transcription

Answer 2

The process of copying a sequence of DNA to produce a complementary strand of RNA

Question 3

RNA polymerases

Answer 3

Enzyme that bonds nucleotides together in a chain to make a new RNA molecule

Question 4

Messenger RNA

Answer 4

An intermediate message that is translated to form a protein

Question 5

Ribosomal RNA

Answer 5

Located in the ribosome and guides the translation of mRNA into a protein; also used as a molecular clock

Question 6

Transfer RNA

Answer 6

Brings amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis

Question 7

Translation

Answer 7

The process that converts a mRNA message into a polypeptide

Question 8

Codon

Answer 8

Sequence of three nucleotides that codes for one amino acid

Question 9

Stop codon

Answer 9

Codon that signals to ribosomes to stop translation

Question 10

Start codon

Answer 10

Codon that signals to ribosomes to begin translation (codes for the first amino acid in a protein)

Question 11

Anticodon

Answer 11

a set of three nucleotides that is complementary to an mRNA codon