Chapter 21 Flashcards
Collenchyma cell
Elongated cells with unevenly thick walls that form a supportive tissue of plants
Sclerenchyma cell
Thick-walled, lignin-rich cells that form a supportive plant tissue
Dermal tissue
Tissue system that covers the outside of plants and animals
Ground tissue
Tissue system that makes up the majority of a plant
Vascular tissue
Supportive and conductive tissue in plants, consisting of xylem and phloem
Xylem
Tissues that transports water and dissolved minerals in vascular plants
Phloem
Tissue that transports sugars in vascular plants
Cohesion-tension theory
Proposes that the physical properties of water allow the rise of water through a plant
Transpiration
The loss of water vapor from plants
Pressure-flow model
Predicts how sugars are transported from photosynthetic tissue to the rest of the plant
Parenchyma cell
Most common type of plant cell; thin walls that form tissues within leaves, roots, stems and fruit of plants; stores oils, startches, and water
Vascular cylinder
Center of a root or stem that contains xylem and phloem
Root hairs
Thin hairlike outgrowth of an epidermal cell of a plant root that absorbs water and minerals from the soil
Root cap
Mass of cells that covers and protects the tips of plant roots
Meristem
Undifferentiated plant tissue from which new cells are formed
Fibrous root
Root system made up of many threadlike members of more or less equal length
Taproot
Main root of some plants, usually larger than other roots and growing straight down from a stem
Primary growth
Growth in vascular plants resulting in elongation of the plant body
Secondary growth
Growth in woody plants resulting in wider roots, branches, and stems
Blade
Broad part of leaf where most of the photosynthesis of a plant takes place
Petiole
Stalk that attatched a leaf blade to a stem
Mesophyll
Photosynthetic tissue of a leaf, located between the upper and lower epidermis
Guard cells
One of a pair of cells that controls the opening and closing of a stoma in plant tissue
