Chapter 21

Question 1

Collenchyma cell

Answer 1

Elongated cells with unevenly thick walls that form a supportive tissue of plants

Question 2

Sclerenchyma cell

Answer 2

Thick-walled, lignin-rich cells that form a supportive plant tissue

Question 3

Dermal tissue

Answer 3

Tissue system that covers the outside of plants and animals

Question 4

Ground tissue

Answer 4

Tissue system that makes up the majority of a plant

Question 5

Vascular tissue

Answer 5

Supportive and conductive tissue in plants, consisting of xylem and phloem

Question 6

Xylem

Answer 6

Tissues that transports water and dissolved minerals in vascular plants

Question 7

Phloem

Answer 7

Tissue that transports sugars in vascular plants

Question 8

Cohesion-tension theory

Answer 8

Proposes that the physical properties of water allow the rise of water through a plant

Question 9

Transpiration

Answer 9

The loss of water vapor from plants

Question 10

Pressure-flow model

Answer 10

Predicts how sugars are transported from photosynthetic tissue to the rest of the plant

Question 11

Parenchyma cell

Answer 11

Most common type of plant cell; thin walls that form tissues within leaves, roots, stems and fruit of plants; stores oils, startches, and water

Question 12

Vascular cylinder

Answer 12

Center of a root or stem that contains xylem and phloem

Question 13

Root hairs

Answer 13

Thin hairlike outgrowth of an epidermal cell of a plant root that absorbs water and minerals from the soil

Question 14

Root cap

Answer 14

Mass of cells that covers and protects the tips of plant roots

Question 15

Meristem

Answer 15

Undifferentiated plant tissue from which new cells are formed

Question 16

Fibrous root

Answer 16

Root system made up of many threadlike members of more or less equal length

Question 17

Taproot

Answer 17

Main root of some plants, usually larger than other roots and growing straight down from a stem

Question 18

Primary growth

Answer 18

Growth in vascular plants resulting in elongation of the plant body

Question 19

Secondary growth

Answer 19

Growth in woody plants resulting in wider roots, branches, and stems

Question 20

Blade

Answer 20

Broad part of leaf where most of the photosynthesis of a plant takes place

Question 21

Petiole

Answer 21

Stalk that attatched a leaf blade to a stem

Question 22

Mesophyll

Answer 22

Photosynthetic tissue of a leaf, located between the upper and lower epidermis

Question 23

Guard cells

Answer 23

One of a pair of cells that controls the opening and closing of a stoma in plant tissue