Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Science > Chapter 2 Vocab > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Vocab Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

Element

A

Substance made of only one type of atom that cannot be broken down by chemical means

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Atom

A

The smallest basic unit of matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Compound

A

Substance made of atoms of different elements that are bonded together in a particular ratio

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Ion

A

Atom that has gained or lost one or more electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Ionic bond

A

Chemical bond formed through the electricial force between oppositely charged ions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Covalent bond

A

Chemical bond formed when two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Molecule

A

Two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Hydrogen bond

A

Attraction between a slightly positive hydrogen atom and a slightly negative atom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Cohesion

A

Attraction between molecules of different substances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Solution

A

Mixture that is consistent throughout

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Solvent

A

Substance in which solutes dissolve and that is present in greatest concentration in a solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Solute

A

Substance that dissolves in a solvent and is present at a lower concentration than the solvent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Acid

A

Compound that donates a proton when dissolved in a solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Base

A

Compound that accepts a proton when dissolved in solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

pH

A

Measurement of acidity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Monomer

A

Molecular subunit of a polymer

16
Q

Polymer

A

Large, carbon-based molecule formed by monomers

17
Q

Carbohydrate

A

Molecule composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen (includes sugars and startches)

18
Q

Lipid

A

Nonpolar molecule composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen (includes fats, oils, cholesterol)

19
Q

Fatty acids

A

Hydrogen and carbon chain often bonded to glycerol in a lipid

20
Q

Protein

A

Polymer made of monomers called amino acids linked by peptide bonds

21
Q

Amino acid

A

Molecule that makes up proteins

22
Q

Nucleic acid

A

Polymer of nucleotides; the genetic material of organisms

23
Q

Chemical reaction

A

Process by which substances change into different substances by breaking and forming chemical bonds

24
Q

Reactant

A

Substance that is changed by a chemical reaction

25
Q

Product

A

Substance formed by a chemical reaction

26
Q

Bond energy

A

Amount of energy needed to break a bond between two particular atoms OR the amount of energy released when a bond forms between two particular atoms

27
Q

Equilibrium

A

Condition in which reactants and products of a chemical reaction are formed at the same rate

28
Q

Activation energy

A

Energy input necessary to initiate a chemical reaction

29
Q

Exothermic

A

Chemical reaction that releases more energy than it absorbs in the form of heat

30
Q

Endothermic

A

Chemical relation that absorbs more energy than it releases

Science (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions