Chapter 8.2: Nomenclature

Question 1

What are perhaloalkanes or perhaloalkenes?

Answer 1

o Hydrocarbons in which all hydrogens are replaced by halogens are commonly called perhaloalkanes or perhaloalkenes

Question 2

Describe the IUPAC system for naming haloalkanes and haloalkenes

Answer 2

 The parent chain is numbered from the direction that gives the first substituent encountered the lowest number, whether it is a halogen or an alkyl group. If two groups could have the same lowest number from the end of the chain, give the group of lower alphabetical order the lower number
 Halogen substituents are indicated by the prefixes fluoro-, chloro-, bromo-, and iodo- and are listed in alphabetical order with other substituents
 The location of each halogen atom on the parent chain is given by a number preceding the name of the halogen
 In haloalkenes, numbering the parent hydrocarbon is determined by the location of the carbon-carbon double bond. Numbering is done in the direction that gives the carbon atoms of the double bond and substituents the lowest set of numbers

Question 3

Define haloforms

Answer 3

a compound of the type CHX3 where C is a halogen

Question 4

Describe the common name system for haloalkanes or haloalkenes

Answer 4

o Common names of haloalkanes and haloalkenes consist of the common name of the alkyl group followed by the name of the halide as a separate word