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Organic Chemistry > Chapter 2.3: Nomenclature of Alkanes and the IUPAC System > Flashcards

Chapter 2.3: Nomenclature of Alkanes and the IUPAC System Flashcards

1
Q

What is the prefix for an alkane with 6 carbon atoms?

A

hex-

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2
Q

What is the condensed structural formula for 2,2-Dimethylpropyl (neopentyl)?

A
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3
Q

What is the prefix for an alkane with 16 carbon atoms?

A

hexadec-

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4
Q

What is the condensed structural formula for 1-Methylethyl (isopropyl, iPr)?

A
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5
Q

What is the prefix for an alkane with 10 carbon atoms?

A

dec-

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6
Q

What is the prefix for an alkane with 13 carbon atoms?

A

tridec-

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7
Q

What is the infix when the carbon-carbon bonds in the parent chain consists of all single bonds?

A

-an-

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8
Q

What is the infix when the carbon-carbon bonds in the parent chain consists of one or more double bonds?

A

-en-

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9
Q

How many carbon atoms are in an alkane with the prefix dodec-?

A

12

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10
Q

What is the name for the condensed structural formula: -CH2CH2CH2CH3?

A

Butyl (Bu)

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11
Q

What is the condensed structural formula for 3-methylbutyl (isopentyl)?

A
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12
Q

What is the condensed structural formula for pentyl?

A

-CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3

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13
Q

What is the condensed structural formula for 2-Methylpropyl (isobutyl, iBu)?

A
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14
Q

How many carbon atoms are in an alkane with the prefix hept-?

A

7

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15
Q

In the IUPAC system, what does the prefix indicate?

A

o The prefix indicates the number of carbon atoms in the parent chain

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16
Q

What do you do when there are 3 or more parent chains of identical length?

A

 When there are 2 or more parent chains of identical length choose the parent chain with the greater number of substituents

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17
Q

What is the prefix for an alkane with 20 carbon atoms?

A

eicos-

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18
Q

How do you name an alkyl group?

A

 Name alkyl groups by dropping the -ane from the name of the parent alkane and adding the suffix -yl

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19
Q

How many carbon atoms are in an alkane with the prefix meth-?

A

1

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20
Q

What is the prefix for an alkane with 8 carbon atoms?

A

oct-

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21
Q

How many carbon atoms are in an alkane with the prefix but-?

A

4

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22
Q

What is the condensed structural formula for ethyl (Et)?

A

-CH2CH3

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23
Q

What is the prefix for an alkane with 3 carbon atoms?

A

prop-

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24
Q

In the IUPAC system, what does the suffix indicate?

A

o The suffix indicates the class of compound to which the substance belongs

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25
Q

What is the suffix for ketone?

A

-one

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26
Q

What is the suffix for amine?

A

-amine

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27
Q

What is the suffix for aldehyde?

A

-al

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28
Q

What is the name for the condensed structural formula: ?

A

3-methylbutyl (isopentyl)

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29
Q

What is the prefix for an alkane with 17 carbon atoms?

A

heptadec-

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30
Q

What is the class of compound with the suffix -al?

A

aldehyde

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31
Q

How many carbon atoms are in an alkane with the prefix pentadec-?

A

15

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32
Q

What is the condensed structural formula for 1,1- Dimethylethyl (tert-butyl, t-Bu)?

A
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33
Q

What is the name for the condensed structural formula: -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3?

A

Pentyl

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34
Q

How many carbon atoms are in an alkane with the prefix octadec-?

A

18

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35
Q

What is the prefix for an alkane with 11 carbon atoms?

A

undec-

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36
Q

What is the class of compound with the suffix -one?

A

ketone

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37
Q

What is the name for the condensed structural formula: ?

A

2-methylbutyl

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38
Q

What is the infix when the carbon-carbon bonds in the parent chain consists of one or more triple bonds?

A

-yn-

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39
Q

What is the condensed structural formula for butyl (Bu)?

A

-CH2CH2CH2CH3

40
Q

What is the prefix for an alkane with 19 carbon atoms?

41
Q

What is a group derived by removing a hydrogen from an alkane; given the symbol R-?

A

alkyl group

42
Q

How many carbon atoms are in an alkane with the prefix tridec-?

43
Q

What is the name for the condensed structural formula: ?

A

2,2-Dimethylpropyl (neopentyl)

44
Q

What is the prefix for an alkane with 12 carbon atoms?

45
Q

What is the prefix for an alkane with 15 carbon atoms?

46
Q

How many carbon atoms are in an alkane with the prefix pent-?

47
Q

What do you do if there is more than one substituent?

A

• If there is more than one substituent, number the parent chain from the end that gives the substituent the lower number

48
Q

What is the condensed structural formula for 1-Methylpropyl (sec-butyl, s-Bu)?

49
Q

What is the name for the condensed structural formula: ?

A

1-methylpropyl (sec-butyl, s-Bu)

50
Q

What is the prefix for an alkane with 1 carbon atoms?

51
Q

How are hydrogens classified?

A

o Hydrogens are also classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary depending on the type of carbon to which it is bonded

52
Q

What is the name for the condensed structural formula: -CH3?

A

Methyl (Me)

53
Q

What is the name for the condensed structural formula: ?

A

2-methylpropyl (isobutyl, iBu)?

54
Q

How many carbon atoms are in an alkane with the prefix hex-?

55
Q

How many carbon atoms are in an alkane with the prefix dec-?

56
Q

What is the name for the condensed structural formula: -CH2CH2CH3?

A

propyl (Pr)

57
Q

How many carbon atoms are in an alkane with the prefix nonadec-?

58
Q

What is the suffix for alcohol?

59
Q

How many carbon atoms are in an alkane with the prefix eth-?

60
Q

What is the nature of carbon-carbon bonds in the parent chain with the -an- infix?

A

all single bonds

61
Q

What is the condensed structural formula for propyl (Pr)?

A

-CH2CH2CH3

62
Q

What is the nature of carbon-carbon bonds in the parent chain with the -en- infix?

A

one or more double bonds

63
Q

What is the prefix for an alkane with 5 carbon atoms?

64
Q

What is the prefix for an alkane with 4 carbon atoms?

65
Q

What is the name for the condensed structural formula: -CH2CH3?

A

Ethyl (Et)

66
Q

What is the suffix for hydrocarbons?

67
Q

How many carbon atoms are in an alkane with the prefix eicos-?

68
Q

How many carbon atoms are in an alkane with the prefix hexadec-?

69
Q

What is the condensed structural formula for methyl (Me)?

70
Q

What is the prefix for an alkane with 18 carbon atoms?

71
Q

How do you name an alkane using the common nomenclature system?

A

o In an alternate system known as common nomenclature, the total number of carbon atoms in an alkane, regardless of their arrangement, determines the name

72
Q

What is the class of compound with the suffix -e?

A

hydrocarbon

73
Q

What is the class of compound with the suffix -ol?

74
Q

What is the class of compound with the suffix -amine?

75
Q

Define alklyl group

A

a group derived by removing a hydrogen from an alkane; given the symbol R-

76
Q

How many carbon atoms are in an alkane with the prefix tetradec-?

77
Q

What is the prefix for an alkane with 2 carbon atoms?

78
Q

In the IUPAC system, what does the infix indicate?

A

o The infix indicates the nature of the carbon-carbon bonds in the parent chain

79
Q

What is the prefix for an alkane with 7 carbon atoms?

80
Q

What do you do if there are two or more identical substituents?

A

• If there are two or more identical substituents, number the parent chain from the end that gives the lower number to the substituent encountered first. A comma is used to separate position numbers

81
Q

What is the prefix for an alkane with 9 carbon atoms?

82
Q

How many carbon atoms are in an alkane with the prefix oct-?

83
Q

What is the nature of carbon-carbon bonds in the parent chain with the -yn- infix?

A

one or more triple bonds

84
Q

How are carbons classified?

A

o We classify a carbon atom as a primary (1°), secondary (2°), tertiary (3°), and quaternary (4°) depending on the number of carbon atoms bonded to it

85
Q

How many carbon atoms are in an alkane with the prefix heptadec-?

86
Q

What is the suffix for carboxylic acid?

87
Q

What is the prefix for an alkane with 14 carbon atoms?

88
Q

What is the name for the condensed structural formula: ?

A

1-Methylethyl (isopropyl, iPr)

89
Q

What is the name for the condensed structural formula: ?

A

1,1- Dimethylethyl (tert-butyl, t-Bu)

90
Q

How many carbon atoms are in an alkane with the prefix prop-?

91
Q

How many carbon atoms are in an alkane with the prefix undec-?

92
Q

What to do if there are two or more different substituents in equivalent positions on opposite ends of the parent chain?

A

• If there are two or more different substituents, list them in alphabetical order and number the chain from the end that gives the lower number to the substituent encountered first. If there are different substituents in equivalent positions on opposite ends of the parent chain, give the substituent of lower alphabetical order the lowest number.

93
Q

What is the condensed structural formula for 2-methylbutyl?

94
Q

What is the class of compound with the suffix -oic acid?

A

carboxylic acid

95
Q

What are the rules of the IUPAC System for Naming Alkanes? (5)

A

 The name for an alkane with an unbranched chain of carbon atoms consists of a prefix showing the number of carbon atoms in the chain and the ending -ane  For branched-chain alkanes, select the longest chain of carbon atoms as the parent chain; its name becomes the root name  Give each substituent on the parent chain a name and a number. The number shows the carbon atom of the parent chain to which the substituent is bonded. Use a hyphen to connect the number to the name  The prefixes are not included in alphabetizing. Alphabetize the names of the constituents first and then insert these prefixes  The italic part of a name is not used in alphabetizing

96
Q

How many carbon atoms are in an alkane with the prefix non-?

Organic Chemistry (69 decks)

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