Chapter 8: The Sans-Culottes and the collapse of the constitutional experiment Flashcards
What happened during the Journee on 20th of June 1792?
- Sans-culottes and NG marched to Tuileries.
- Louis put on Bonne Rouge and toasted to nation.
- But didn’t withdraw any vetos.
Why did the journee on 20th of June 1792 happen?
Sans-culottes wanted Louis to withdraw his vetos.
What did Robespierre talk about in his July speech as a result of the 20th June journee?
- How France should become a republic.
- Active and passive citizens should be able to vote for Nation Convection.
What was the Brunswick Manifesto?
Manifesto issued to French people by Duke of Brunswick stating:
- Paris would suffer if King suffered.
- NG would be killed if captured.
What happened in the journee on 10th of August 1792?
- Sans-culottes, federes and NG marched to Tuileries.
- King hid in assembly building.
- Sans-culottes entered grounds and killed almost all the gentlemen-of-arms and Swiss guards.
What were the outcomes of the journee on 10th of August 1792?
- Paris commune removed royal family to prison.
- Assembly made it look like a temporary suspension.
- Decree ended distinction between active and passive citizens.
- New elected convection promised.
- All laws suspended by king now enforced.
- Refractory priests given 2 weeks to leave or be deported.
- Courts for traitors set up.
Who was made the minister of justice?
Danton.
What happened to Lafayette?
When he didn’t have enough support for a constitution, he deflected to the Austrians.
What caused the September Massacres?
- Duke of Brunswick (Prussia) was on his way to attack Paris.
- Marat’s provoking newspaper.
- House searches mean’t many counter rev’s were arrested and sent to prison.
- What if they escape while the French men are at war and kill their families?
When did the September Massacres start?
2nd September 1792.
What happened during the September Massacres?
- Raided prisons.
- Fake trials to humiliate prisoners.
- Thousands executed.
- Not just counter rev’s but women and children too.
- Antoinette’s lady in waiting raped, beheaded and put in front of Antoinette’s window (she didn’t see it tho).
What were the outcomes of the September Massacres?
- Bigger wedge between Girondins and Jacobins.
- LA’s power decreased.
- Radicals (eg/Danton and Robespierre) power increased.
- Foreigners feared and hated rev.
Montagnards.
- Radical Jacobins in the NC.
- Sat on high, left seats.
Plain.
The not radical, not moderate members of the NC.
Who were elected into the NC in Paris?
Robespierre, Marat, Danton, Desmoulins.
What date did the NC open?
HINT: Same day as the Battle of Valmy.
20th September 1792.
Who could vote in the NC election?
ALL males.
Who sat where in the NC hall?
- Jacobins/ Montagnards on the top left.
- Girondins on the right.
- Moderates on the plain.
