Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Quality of the Environment > Chapter 8: the human population > Flashcards

Chapter 8: the human population Flashcards

1
Q

Food insecurity is often directly correlated with

A

Poverty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does an aging population do to a country

A

strains a country’s social security

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Worldwide, life expectancy have increased due to

A

improvements in water quality
improvements in sanitation practices
better medical care
greater food production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

social, political, and economic problems resulting from continued population growth in less developed countries sometimes results in internal violence and political collapse. T/F

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The probability of future population growth is greater in an age structure diagram that is shaped like a(n):

A

Pyramid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

the social construct that results in women not having the same rights, opportunities, or privileges as men is termed:

A

Gender inequality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Low rates of population growth are characteristic of what country

A

Japan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

the total fertility rate is affected by

A

the average age in which women marry
the laws and customs of society
the education level of women
the availability of family planning services

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The human population is projected to reach ____ by 2050

A

9 billion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Replacement-level fertility is usually given as 2.0 children. T/F

A

False

2.1 children

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The need for food for the increasing number of people living in environmentally fragile arid lands has lead to:

A

Overuse of the land for grazing
overuse of land for crop production
an overall decrease in carrying capacity of the lands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Population stabilization will most likely

A

Promote economic development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

To estimate global carrying capacity for humans, we must make certain assumptions about our quality of life. T/F

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Demography

A

the study of human population structure
the study of human population growth
provides info on the populations of various countries or groups of people
the applied branch of geography that deals with population statistics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

More men than women live in poverty, particularly in developing countries. T/F

A

False

more women live in poverty then men due to gender inequality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

the condition in which people live with chronic hunger and malnutrition is termed

A

Food insecurity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

According to Thomas Malthus, what are inevitable consequences of population growth

A

famine
disease
war

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what do Laos and Cambodia have in common

A

Have low average per capita GNI PPPs (gross national income in purchasing power parity)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

scientific advances have allowed food production to keep pace with human population growth. T/F

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The carrying capacity of the earth is impossible to answer precisely because estimates vary widely on what assumptions

A

technological innovations
standard of living
waste generation
resource consumption

not fossil fuel resources

21
Q

Why cant he IPAT model be considered misleading and what is the more accurate role of population?

A

population size in relation to environmental degradation is not as simple as the IPAT model makes it seem

22
Q

The boundary beyond which stress in an ecosystem no longer acts in a linear fashion

A

threshold

23
Q

acid rain is an example of what

A

a non-linear stress using a threshold

24
Q

condition under the combined effects of two causes is greater than the sum of the two causes acting in isolation of each other

A

synergy

25
Q

synergy is a linear dynamic T/F

A

false

grows faster than linearly

26
Q

why is it that even if habitat loss is proportional to the size of the human population, loss of habitat can cause more extinctions than expected

A

species depend on intact habitats

can’t cut it into sections

27
Q

condition where a direct effect can trigger secondary or indirect effects that could be positive or negative

A

feedback

28
Q

Low-hanging fruit

A

low fruit picked first
humans want best soil, water, food, etc, as draw down desirable resources over time, our options become limited to second-rate resources

29
Q

The future habitability of this planet will be shaped by highly nonlinear dynamic process T/F

A

True

30
Q

Zero population growth

A

when birth rate equals death rate

31
Q

carrying capacity

A

the max number of individuals of a population that a particular environment can support for an indefinite period, assuming no changes in the environment

32
Q

infant mortality rates

A

the number of infant deaths under one year old per 1000 live births

33
Q

total fertility rate

A

the average number of children born per woman, given the population’s current birth rate
worldwide is 2.5

34
Q

demographic transition

A

conversion from high to low birth rates

has 4 steps

35
Q

four steps of demographic transition

A

preindustrial
transitional
industrial
postindustiral

36
Q

preindustiral stage

A

stage one of demographic transition

birth and death rates are high, and population grows at a modest rate

37
Q

transitional stage

A

stage two of demographic transition

lowered death rate with high healthcare, food and water and population grows rapidly

38
Q

industrial stage

A

stage three of demographic transition

lowered birth rate, slows population growth

39
Q

postindustrial stage

A

stage four of demographic transition

low birth rate and low death rates (people want small families)

40
Q

age structure

A

the number and proportion of people at each age in a population

41
Q

population growth momentum

A

the potential for future increase or decrease in a population based on the present age structure

42
Q

food security

A

the condition in which people do not live in hunger or fear of starvation

43
Q

food insecurity

A

the condition in which people live with chronic hunger and malnutrition

44
Q

economic development

A

an expansion in a government’s economy, viewed by many as the best way to raise the standard of living

45
Q

culture

A

the ideas and customs of a group of people at a given period; which is passed down from generation to generation and evolves over time

46
Q

gender parity

A

the right of every child - boy or girl - to attend school

47
Q

voluntary simplicity

A

a way of life that involves wanting and spending less

48
Q

cornucopians

A

say tech will save us from Malthus’ apocalypse

49
Q

neo-malthusians

A

tech is great for those that have access to it

Quality of the Environment (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions