Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Quality of the Environment > Chapter 13: Water - A limited resource > Flashcards

Chapter 13: Water - A limited resource Flashcards

1
Q

What affects universal access to water?

A
  • Distribution problems
  • Quality assurance problems
  • An increasing global population
  • Water supply distribution problems due to climate change
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Modern floods are often more disastrous in terms of poverty loss than those of the past because continue to

A

build in floodplains

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The area bordering a river channel that has the potential to flood is determined

A

a floodplain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What can climate change impact in terms of water

A
  • The type and amount of available water on earth
  • The distribution of global water
  • Saltwater intrusion along coastal areas
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

T/F

In developing countries, population increases tend to overwhelm efforts to improve water supply

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Conservation-based pricing

A

rewards consumers for using less water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The use of water resources in a fashion that does not harm the essential functions of the hydrologic cycle or the ecosystems on which present and future humans depend is termed

A

sustainable water use

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Water plays and important role in…

A
  • Shaping the continents
  • moderating climate
  • waste disposal
  • manufacturing
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Worldwide, how many people wive without adequate access to water?

A

1.1 billion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

T/F

Water is a polar molecule

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

A type of irrigation that conserves water by piping it to crops through sealed systems is termed

A

drip irrigation and microirrigation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

T/F

Saltwater intrusion is difficult to reverse

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does gray water contain

A

Nutrients beneficial to crops

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The removal of salt from ocean or brackish water

A
  • Requires a large energy input
  • Can be achieved through reverse osmosis
  • Is expensive
  • Can be achieved through the process of distillation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

A land area that delivers water into a stream or river system is termed

A

A watershed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

T/F

Humans can remove up to 70% of a river’s flow without greatly affecting the natural ecosystem

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

When surface water is overdrawn

A

Estuaries become saltier

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Studies have shown that consumers can be motivated to conserve water by all what 4 methods

A
  • Increasing prices of water
  • Improving water-use tech
  • Providing effective educational tools
  • Providing incentives
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

T/F

Water is both unsafe and unavailable in much of the world

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

T/F

GIS is a computer storage and analysis of maps and other geographic information

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

T/F
The water cycle, which includes evaporation, precipitation, and flow to the water basins. The hydrologic cycle supplies terrestrial organisms with a continual supply of fresh water

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

T/F
Barren lands between aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems that are covered with water for at least part of the year are called Wetlands

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Stable runoff is the share of runoff from precip on that can be depended on every ___.

A

Month

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

T/F

Water supply pricing structures that penalize consumers for using less water is called conservation-based pricing

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Water in an unconfined aquifer is replaced by ___ water that drains directly ___ it.

A

surface, above

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

T/F

Groundwater is the supply of fresh water under earth’s surface that is stored in underground aquifers

A

True

27
Q

A confined aquifer is a groundwater storage area trapped between ___ impermeable layer(s) of rock

A

2

28
Q

An aquedot is

A

Large pipe or conduit constructed to carry water from a distant source

29
Q

T/F

LEPA is a water-conserving agricultural technique that makes use of geographic information systems

A

True

30
Q

An aquifer is

A

Underground cavern and porous layers of sand, gravels, or rock in which groundwater is stored

31
Q

T/F

The amount of water needed to cover an acre of land 1 foot deep is called and acre-foot

A

True

32
Q

A water table is the ___ surface of the saturated zone of groundwater

A

Upper

33
Q

T/F
Distillations is a desalinization process that involves forcing salt water through a membrane preamble to water but not to salt

A

False

34
Q

T/F

The movement of freshwater from precipitation to rivers, lakes, wetlands, and ultimately, the ocean is called runoff

A

True

35
Q

T/F

The sinking or setting of land caused by runoff is called subsidence

A

False

36
Q

T/F

Arid lands are found in both temperatures and tundra regions

A

False

37
Q

Reclaimed water is not portable, but can be reused for toilets, plants, or car washing

A

False

Grey water

38
Q

___ water, is water that has already been used for a relatively nonpolluting purpose, such as showers, dish washing, laundry

A

Gray

39
Q

An acre-foot is equal to 326,000 gallons of water, and supplies ___ people with enough water for an entire year

A

8

40
Q

T/F

Most of the world’s mega cities are in water-stressed regions

A

True

41
Q

The UN estimates 2.8 billion people in 48 countries will be living in areas facing water stress or scarcity by the year

A

2025

42
Q

Six countries hold over half of the world’s freshwater. Which of the following is NOT one of them?

A

The US`

43
Q

Of all of the water on earth, what percentage is available for freshwater-dependent life forms?

A

<1%

44
Q

T/F

As of 2010, 90% of groundwater under China’s cities is contaminated.

A

True

45
Q

Of the tiny amount of all freshwater on Earth, how much do humans appropriate for themselves from both surface and groundwater sources?

A

50%

46
Q

T/F
Scientists have found that levels of pollutants such as pesticides, PCBs, and heavy metals that are not caught by sewage systems, remain in the local area until they are absorbed by the environment.

A

False

47
Q

In the U.S., the majority of human water usage is allocated t

A

industry

48
Q

T/F
All of Africa’s 677 major lakes are now threatened to varying degrees by unsustainable use, pollution, and climate change.

A

True

49
Q

What percentage of U.S. rivers and streams are too dangerous for drinking, fishing, and swimming?

A

40%

50
Q

T/F

Diets rich in meat and other animal products use less water than diets with more vegetables and grains.

A

False

They use more water

51
Q

How many gallons of water does it take to produce a typical fast food lunch?

A

700 gallons

52
Q

T/F

in the US, we place a high value on water

A

True

53
Q

On a global scale, the majority of human water usage is allocated to

A

agriculture

54
Q

T/F

A rise in ocean acidification will decrease the growth of algal phytosynthesis and diazotrophs.

A

False

55
Q

T/F
Mark Lynas sides with the political left, especially the Green movement, urging the population to “give up cars, live in colder houses, or vacation close to home” in order to reduce CO2 emissions and other practices that are bringing us close to critical planetary boundary limits.

A

False

56
Q

T/F

Carbonic acid dissolves calcium carbonate

A

True

57
Q

The primary hotspots of ocean acidification can be found:

A

on the west coasts of continents

58
Q

Acidification hot spots along coasts are also where we will find:

A
  • rich fishing grounds
  • abundant sea life
  • eutrophication
59
Q

When CO2 is added to water or sea water, the result is:

A

carbolic acid is created

60
Q

The Global Warming Policy Foundation and the Cato Institute are examples of organizations that:

A
  • Deny climate change and ocean acidification
  • claim global warming and ocean acidification are not connected
  • claim global warming is real but ocean acidification is not
61
Q

T/F
Our author claims that those on the political right who deny the evidence of climate change and ocean acidification are “anti-science.”

A

False

62
Q

If CO2 rates are allowed to double from pre-industrial levels, we may expect to see tropical coral reefs not only die but start to dissolve by:

A

2050

63
Q

Although rising CO2 in the oceans can be very bad fior corals, there is no historical evidence that corals will disappear altogether

A

False

Quality of the Environment (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions