Chapter 12 : Renewable energy & nuclear power Flashcards

1
Q

Advantages producing electric power by nuclear energy

A
  • Does not adversely affect climate change
  • a carbon-free source of electricity
  • emits no emissions directly into the atmosphere

not that it generates spent fuel

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2
Q

Tidal energy is an example of

A

renewable energy

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3
Q

T/F

The production of nuclear power is completely climate neutral

A

False

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4
Q

High-lever radioactive wastes include

A

spent fuel rods

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5
Q

T/F

One way to reduce heating cost is to install large, north-facing windows that take advantage of passive solar heating

A

False

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6
Q

T/F
Health related problems resulting from the Chernobyl nuclear power plant reaction include increased incidence of leukemia and thyroid cancer

A

true

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7
Q

Biomass

A

overuse can result in deforestation and desertification

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8
Q

Examples of biomass

A
  • Charcoal
  • animal dung
  • peat
  • biogas
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9
Q

Nuclear energy

A

involves changes in the nuclei of atoms

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10
Q

the most common environmental hazard associated with geothermal energy is

A

the emission of hydrogen sulfide (H2S)

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11
Q

T/F

Clouds increase solar intensity by scattering light and amplifying some of the sun’s energy

A

False

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12
Q

An appropriate site for deep geological disposal of nuclear waste must…

A

have geologic stability

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13
Q

T/F

One way to reduce heating costs is to install large, north-facing windows that take advantage of passive solar heating

A

False

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14
Q

Active solar energy is used primarily for

A

heating water in pools

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15
Q

All nuclear power plants in the US are

A

initially licensed to operate for 20 years

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16
Q

The processes involved in producing the fuel used in nuclear reactors and in disposing of radioactive (nuclear) wastes is termed

A

the nuclear fuel cycle

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17
Q

What describes the nuclear reactor accident at Chernobyl

A
  • Was the worst accident ever to occur at a nuclear power plant
  • Spread significant amounts of radioscopes across large portions of europe
18
Q

Harnessing wind energy is most profitable

A
  • on islands
  • along coastal areas
  • along mountain passes
  • on grasslands
19
Q

What is true about hydropower

A
  • The world’s main renewable source of electrical generation
  • is more efficient than any other energy source in producing electricity
  • is the leading renewable energy source for the US
20
Q

Identify one disadvantage of solar thermal electric generation

A

solar systems only work during the day

21
Q

T/F

An isotope is an alternate form of the same element that has a different atomic mass

A

True

22
Q

T/F

A radioisotope is a stable isotope that does not spontaneously emit radiation

A

False

23
Q

___ is an option after the close of an old nuclear power plant in which the entire power plant is permanently encased in concrete

A

Entombment

24
Q

T/F
Photovolatics is a system of putting the sun’s energy to use without requiring mechanical devices to distribute the collected heat

A

False

25
Q

T/F
The process involved in producing the fuel used in nuclear reactors and in disposing of radioactive wastes is called the nuclear fuel cycle

A

True

26
Q

T/F

Biogas is plant material, including undigested fiber in animal waste, used as fuel

A

False

27
Q

T/F
Electric or mechanical energy obtained from surface air currents caused by the solar warming of air is called, wind energy

A

True

28
Q

___ is an ionized gas formed at high temperatures when electrons are stripped from gas atoms

A

Plasma

29
Q

___ is the joining of two lightweight atomic nuclei into a single, heavier nucleus, accompanied by the release of a large amount of energy

A

Fusion

30
Q

An isotope has ___ number of neutrons, and ___ number of protons

A

a different; the same

31
Q

T/F

High-level radioactive wastes are radioactive solids, liquids, or gases that give off small amounts of ionizing radiaton

A

False

32
Q

___ is a system of putting the sun’s energy to use in which a series of collectors absorb the solar energy, and pumps or fans distribute the collected heat

A

Active solar heating

33
Q

T/F

Decommission is the melting of a nuclear reactor vessel

A

False

34
Q

T/F

Most of the energy absorbed by earth is re-radiated as infrared radiation, which can be absorbed by greenhouse gasses

A

True

35
Q

T/F

Plasma is formed during fission ractions

A

False

36
Q

T/F

Atomic number is a number that represents the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom

A

False

37
Q

Nuclear energy is energy released by nuclear ___

A

fission and fusion

38
Q

T/F

Meltdown occurs when the nuclear reactor vessel melts

A

True

39
Q

T/F
A wafer or thin film of solid-state materials, such as silicon or gallium arsenide, that is treated with certain metals so that it generates electricity is called a solar cell

A

True

40
Q

Passive solar heating

A

a system of putting the sun’s energy to use without requiring mechanical devices to distribute the collected heat

41
Q

active solar heating

A

a system of putting the sun’s energy to use in which a series of collectors absorb the solar energy, and pumps or fans distribute the collected heat

42
Q

Solar thermal electricity generation

A

a means of producing electricity in which the sun’s energy is concentrated by mirrors or lenses to either heat a fluid-filled pipline or drive a stirling engine