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NASM CES > Chapter 8: Static Assessments > Flashcards

Chapter 8: Static Assessments Flashcards

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1
Q

Static Posture

A

The starting point from which an individual moves.

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2
Q

Altered Length-Tension Relationships

A

Occurs when the resting length of a muscle is too short or too long to generate optimal force.

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3
Q

Upper Crossed Syndrome

A

A postural distortion syndrome characterized by a forward head and rounded shoulders with upper extremity muscle imbalances.

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4
Q

Myofascia

A

Myofascia is a type of thin, strong, fibrous connective tissue that extends throughout your body to provide support and protection to your muscles and bones.

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5
Q

Pattern Overload

A

Occurs when a segment of the body is repeatedly moved or chronically held in the same way, leading to a state of muscle overactivity.

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6
Q

Postural Distortion

A

Malalignments of bodily segments that place undue stress on the joints; i.e., poor posture at one or more of the kinetic chain checkpoints.

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7
Q

Ideal Posture in the Anterior View of the Foot and Ankle

A

Straight and parallel, not flattened or externally rotated.

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8
Q

Ideal Posture in the Anterior View of the Knee

A

In line with the second and third toes (not adducted or abducted).

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9
Q

Ideal Posture in the Anterior View of the LPHC

A

Level pelvis to the horizon.

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10
Q

Ideal Posture in the Anterior View of the Shoulders and Thoracic Spine

A

Level, not elevated or rounded.

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11
Q

Ideal Posture in the Anterior View of the Head and Cervical Spine

A

Neutral position.

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12
Q

Ideal Posture in the Lateral View of the Foot and Ankle

A

Neutral position, leg vertical at a right angle to the sole of foot.

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13
Q

Ideal Posture in the Lateral View of the Knee

A

Neutral position, not flexed nor hyperextended.

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14
Q

Ideal Posture in the Lateral View of the LPHC

A

Pelvis in neutral position, not anteriorly or posteriorly rotated.

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15
Q

Ideal Posture in the Lateral View of the Shoulders and Thoracic Spine

A

In line with the hips and ears.

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16
Q

Ideal Posture in the Lateral View of the Head and Cervical Spine

A

Neutral position, not in cervical extension.

17
Q

Ideal Posture in the Posterior View of the Foot and Ankle

A

Heels are straight and parallel, not overly pronated (flattened).

18
Q

Ideal Posture in the Posterior View of the Knee

A

Neutral position, neither adducted nor abducted.

19
Q

Ideal Posture in the Posterior View of the LPHC

A

Pelvis level to the horizon.

20
Q

Ideal Posture in the Posterior View of the Shoulders and Thoracic Spine

A

Level, not elevated or rounded forward.

21
Q

Ideal Posture in the Posterior View of the Head and Cervical Spine

A

Neutral position neither tilted nor rotated.

22
Q

Kyphosis

A

Natural curvature of the thoracic spine toward the back of the body.

23
Q

Lordosis

A

Natural curvature of the lumbar spine toward the front of the body.

24
Q

Potential Overactive muscles in Lower Crossed Syndrome

A

Hip flexors
Lumbar extensors
Gastrocnemius
Soleus

25
Q

Potential Under-active Muscles in Lower Crossed Syndrome

A

Abdominals
Gluteus maximus and medius
Hamstrings

26
Q

Potential Overactive muscles in Upper Crossed Syndrome

A

Cervical extensors
Pectorals (major and minor)
Upper trapezius
Levator scapulae

27
Q

Potential Under-active Muscles in Upper Crossed Syndrome

A

Deep neck flexors
Rhomboids
Middle and lower trapezius
Serratus anterior

28
Q

Potential Overactive muscles in Layered Crossed Syndrome

A 
Cervical extensors
Pectorals (major and minor)
Upper trapezius
Levator scapulae
Hip flexors
Lumbar extensors
Gastrocnemius
Soleus
29
Q

Potential Under-active Muscles in Layered Crossed Syndrome

A 
Deep neck flexors
Rhomboids
Middle and lower trapezius
Serratus anterior
Anterior abdominals
Hip extensors (hamstrings)
Gluteus maximus and medius
30
Q

Potential Overactive muscles in Lordotic Posture

A

Hip flexors
Internal obliques (upper)
Lumbar extensors

31
Q

Potential Under-active Muscles in Lordotic Posture

A 
Abdominals (external obliques)
Hip extensors (hamstrings)
32
Q

Potential Overactive muscles in Flat-back Posture

A 
Cervical extensors
Pectoralis minor
Shoulder adductors
Upper trapezius
Levator scapulae
Anterior abdominals and intercostals
Internal obliques (upper and lateral fibers)
Hip extensors (hamstrings)
33
Q

Potential Under-active muscles in Flat-back Posture

A 
Cervical flexors
Thoracic extensors
Trapezius (middle and lower)
Lumbar extensors
Hip flexors (psoas)
34
Q

Potential Overactive muscles in Sway-back Posture

A 
Cervical extensors
Upper trapezius
Levator scapulae
Pectoralis minor
Intercostals
Abdominals (upper fibers)
Internal obliques (upper fibers)
Hip extensors (hamstrings)
35
Q

Potential Under-active muscles in Sway-back Posture

A 
Cervical flexors
Thoracic extensors 
Trapezius (middle and lower)
Abdominals (external obliques)
Hip flexors (Iliopsoas)

NASM CES (18 decks)

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